商务英语阅读（上册）unit_1教材教学课件.ppt

Unit One ;Teaching Objectives;Teaching Emphases ;Content ;TEXT International Trade; International trade, also known as world trade, foreign trade or overseas trade, is the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and services across national boundaries. It concerns trade operations of both import and export and includes the purchase and sale of both visible and invisible goods. ; International trade has been carried on between countries and geographical regions for thousands of years. Over the centuries, international trade, although periodically interrupted by wars and natural disasters, has gradually expanded, usually at a faster pace than the expansion of world output. The impetus for the existence and expansion of international trade is the same as that for any commercial transaction: value creation. International trade creates value for both producers and consumers. International trade increases demand for exportable products, thereby raises prices and volumes. It increases the supply of importable products, thereby reducing prices and increasing product availability and variety for consumers. International trade increases the efficiency of resource allocation worldwide, reduces production costs through economies of scale, and lowers input costs. ; International trade can also lead increased exposure for both firms and countries to the forces in the international economy: changes in prices and demand in export markets, changes in prices and supply of imported products, and changes in exchange rates. The increased openness to the international economic environment can increase the variability of a firm’s profits and of a nation’s GNP growth rate and hence increase the risks of a firm’s operations and reduce the stability of a country’s economy. International trade can also lead to disruption and restructuring as domestic firms are forced to compete with less expensive or higher quality imported products. On the other hand, internat