现在完成时被动语态的肯定式为精品.ppt

现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。 现在完成时的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态基本结构: have / has ＋ been＋V-ed “…已经被…” 现在完成时被动语态的肯定式为： have / has + been + done The experiment has been done successfully. 这个实验做得很成功。 现在完成时被动语态的否定式为： have / has + not + been + done Tom’s novel has not been published. 汤姆的小说还没有被出版。 现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将have / has提到主语的前面。 Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行车修好了吗？ 现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词 + have / has + been + done Who has been invited? 谁受到了邀请？ 在使用现在完成时的被动语态时要 注意以下两点： 1. 过去分词前有两个助动词： have / has和been。 2. 必须表示被动。 现在完成时的被动语态主要用 于以下情况： 1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。如： The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt. 张飞庙已经过重建。 2. 说话时已完成的动作或出现的结果。 The door has been locked. 门已经被锁上了。 （现在进不去） 3. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可能持续下去。如： He has been told about it for many times. 有人告诉他这事很多次了。 （可能还会有人告诉他） 4. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作。如： We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished. 工作一完成我们就立即动身。 注意: 副词的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have / has和been中间。如: [误] Such a man has been hardly believed. [正] Such a man has hardly been believed. 2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被 动语态。如： [误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. [正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. (2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出 者时常用主动语态。 3. 固定搭配中的介词在被动语态中 不能省略。例如： The patients have been taken good care of. 4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思， 则需改换动词或时态。如： My brother has had (不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought? 主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，用主动语态；如主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。 结构：be +V.过去分词，be根据人称、时态、单复数而变。 主动语态变被动语态的方法 (3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语, 将主格改为宾格。 　 All the people laughed at him. 　 He was laughed at by all the peo