2011高三英语语法专题复习讲义.pdfVIP

请上 或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询! 高三英语语法专题复习讲义 一、名词 【要点点拨】 一. 可数名词的复数构成规则: 1.规则变化:加-s, -es; 辅音字母加y 结尾的去y 加ies;把f/ fe 变成 ves; (1)keys , three Henrys; stomachs; safes; beliefs; proofs; roofs; gulfs; chiefs; heroes; potatoes; tomatoes; Negroes; dingoes A (2) 缩写,数字,字母等在后面加s 或’s 都可,如: some VIPs (VIP’s); in his 50s / 50’s; in the 1990s / 1990’s; There are two t’s in the word “letter”. 2.不规则变化: (1) men , children , feet, teeth, geese, mice; oxen 等; (2) 单复数形式相同:sheep; deer; fish; means; works(工厂); Chinese; Japanese; Swiss; (teas, fruits, fishes, metals 等表示种类); (3) 只有复数形式:trousers, glasses(眼镜);remains(遗体/物);clothes; ashes; contents( 目录); goods; customs(海关); arms(武器); (4) 复合名词的复数形式: shoe shops; lookers-on; grown-ups; passers-by; daughters-in-law (5)表示某国人的复数形式:A:单复一样:Chinese / Japanese) B: 把 man 变成men : Englishmen; Frenchmen; C:其它加s (包括Germans) 一、 不可数名词 1.量的表示：用some / a little / much 等表示数量的词（组）及单 位名词（量词），用得较多的有piece, article, bottle, head, loaf, bar 等：a piece of advice / bread / news / information / equipment / chalk / cloth / clothing / music / work / furniture / paper / wood / baggage; a loaf of bread; a bar of chocolate ; two head of cattle 2.不可数名词具体化： These games are great successes; The party was a great success. 二、 名词的所有格： 1.表示有生命的名词后加’s, 如一样东西为几人共有，则在最后一 个名词后加’s: Jack and Tom’s room(两人共有的房间); Jack’s and 请上 或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询! 请上 或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询! Tom’s rooms （两人各自的房间）；表示无生命的名词的所有格用 of 表示：the windows of the room; (但表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命的名词后 也可加’s: China’s industry; today’s paper; ten minutes’ walk) 2. 表示“某人家里”“某店铺”等的名词所有格后省略所修饰的名 词：at my aunt’s (house); at the doctor’s (office); go to the chemist’s (shop); 3.双重所有格：a / an / this / that / these / those / some / any / a few / no / every / several / such / another / which 等+名词+of +…..’s / 名 词性物主代词（表示“部分” 的概念或表示某种感情色彩，如：赞 赏、讨厌等）； 比较： a fri