中国外交之The Rise amp; Demise of the Sino-Soviet Alliance.pptVIP

The Rise Demise of the Sino-Soviet Alliance 1949-1963 Evolution of Sino-Soviet Alliance Emerging in late 1940s and early 1950s; Serious disputes began to develop in the latter part of 1950s; Collapsing in the mid-1960s; Bloody border clashes in 1969. Key Events Sino-Soviet Treaty Korean War Lean-to-One-Side On June 30, 1949, Mao issued this statement in the article entitled “On People’s Democratic Dictatorship” 在国外，联合世界上以平等待我的民族和各国人民，共同奋斗。这就是联合苏联，联合各人民民主国家，联合其他各国的无产阶级和广大人民，结成国际的统一战线…… ?中国人不是倒向帝国主义一边，就是倒向社会主义一边，绝无例外。骑墙是不行的，第三条道路是没有的。 Reasons Ideological commitments; Security concerns; Mao’s determination to set a model for other “oppressed nations” and to reestablish China’s central position in the international community. CCP’s 3 Principles Making a fresh start; Cleaning the house before entertaining guests; Leaning to one side. Mao’s Moscow Visit (Dec. 16,1949-Feb. 14, 1950) “bring about sth. that not only looks nice, but also tasted delicious”– a new Sino-Soviet Treaty, abolishing 1945 treaty with GMD; 3 weeks’ stalemate; Jan. 20, Zhou Enlai arrived in Moscow; Feb. 14, signed the treaty. Content of the Treaty Allowing the Soviets to maintain their privileges in China’s Northeast and Xinjiang; Soviets agreed to increase military and other material support to China, including providing air-defense installations in coastal areas of the PRC. Influence of the Treaty The alliance will enhance the PRC’s security and promote the post-victory revolution, helping CCP cope with domestic and international threats to the Chinese revolution; Sino-Soviet divergences persisted, Mao’s feeling as the inferior “younger brother” and the way the agreement was designed doomed the collapse of the Sino-Soviet alliance. The Alliance The Korean War Soviet’s Misperception on US military intervention The end of Jan, 1950, Acheson’s statement indicates that Korea would be excluded from US western Pacific defense perimeter; During Mao’s Moscow visit, Mao shared with Stalin that it was