[英语学习]lecture 5 PRESENTATION.ppt

5.3 Variability in L2 Learner Language 5.3.1 Rod Ellis Study(1987) 5.3.2 Foster and Skehan Study(1996) 5.4 Role of Variability in SLA 5.3.1 Rod Ellis Study(1987) Professor Rod Ellis the deputy head of the Department of Applied Language Studies and Linguistics at the University of Auckland, New Zealand a TESOL Professor and Chair of the Graduate School of Education at Anaheim University, where he teaches various online courses in the Master of Arts in TESOL He is a leading theorist of task-based language learning TESOL :The acronym Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages, used in English as a Foreign or Second Language (EFL/ESL) Task-based language learning (TBLL), also known as task-based language teaching (TBLT) or task-based instruction (TBI) focuses on the use of authentic language and on asking students to do meaningful tasks using the target language. Such tasks can include visiting a doctor, conducting an interview, or calling customer service for help. Assessment is primarily based on task outcome (in other words the appropriate completion of tasks) rather than on accuracy of language forms. This makes TBLL especially popular for developing target language fluency and student confidence. The Experiment Subjects(实验对象)：17 ESL learners from several different linguistic backgrounds Intention: examining the variability in L2 learner language in different situations The Process: Three Tasks Measurement: the correctness of past tense marking Parameter: planning time available Data collected from the experiment: figures and tables Variability应译作“可变性”，指过渡语的内在性质；Variation应译作“变异”，指的是具体的语言现象。变异是过渡语可变性的具体表现形式。（蔡金亭，朱立霞 2004：88） Three Tasks Task 1: Written narrative The subjects were asked to write a story based on a series of six pictures about a theft. Two robbers (a man and a boy) stole a basket from an Indian man at an airport. They escaped in a car. When they later opened the basket, they found it contained a snake. Three Tasks Task 2: Oral n