状语从句的宝贝.docVIP

一、when, while和as 1．When既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。当主句是将来时，从句的时态用现在时。（when在实际中用得最多） I told my children when Lincoln was your age he walked twelve miles to school everyday. But my son said, “That’s nothing. When he was your age, he was president.” 我告诉我的孩子：当林肯你那么大岁数时他每天走12英里去学校，我儿子说，“那没什么，当他你那么大岁数时已经当总统了”。 There’s a side to President Reagan that people don’t know. When he was a young man, he read complete works of Shakespeare. Of course, when Reagan was young, Shakespeare hadn’t written all that much. 里根总统还有一面人们并不知道，年轻时他曾读过莎士比亚全集——当然里根年轻时莎士比亚还没写那么多。 注：讽刺里根读书少，岁数大。 当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致，其标语又是一个名词，就可以以as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句。如： As a young man, he read complete works of Shakespeare. 他年轻时读过莎士比亚全集。 When the game is finished, the king and the pawn[卒] go into to the same box. 游戏结束时，国王和士兵进入同一个盒子。 注：人生就象一场游戏，游戏结束时，亿万富翁也好，平头百姓也好都进入一样大小的棺材（或骨灰盒）。Finish为短暂动作，从句动作先于主句动作。 场景再现：在筹集善款的晚会上，可以这么调侃： How noisy an audience can be when you ask for quiet ____ and how quiet it can be when you ask for money. （多么令人惊奇啊，）当你要求安静时听众乱烘烘的——当你要钱时全场一片寂静。 2．While引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如： Plumber（水暖工）: I’m sorry I was late. Man: While we were waiting for you, I taught my wife how to swim. 水暖工：很抱歉我来晚了。 男人：我们等你的时候，我教我太太学游泳。 3．As引导一个持续动作，多用于主句和从句的动作同时发生。如： A man ate each night in the same restaurant and at the same table. One night, as he was leaving, he walked up a wall, across the ceiling, down another wall, and out the door. “That’s odd,” his waiter said. “Usually he says good night.” 一个人每天都在同一家饭馆同一张桌子上吃饭，一天晚上，当他离开时，他走上墙，穿过天花板，从另一面墙走下来，从门出去。 服务员说“真奇怪，他通常说晚安”。 注：服务员对那个男人的天马行空习以为常，但对于他不打招呼就走感觉奇怪。 As I look back, there is only one thing I wish I could have saved for my old age --- the years between twenty and thirty. 我回头看看只有一件东西是我希望为自己的老年保存起来的——20岁到30岁的岁月。 4．When还可以用作并列连词，其意义为“在那时，在这时”，相当于and at this/that time。 Heisenberg is out for a drive when hes stopped by a traffic cop. The cop says, Do you know how fast you were going? Heisenberg says, No, but I know where I am. HEI