被动语态要点复习精讲精练.docVIP

被动语态要点复习精讲精练 被动语态是英语语法的重要项目,其构成形式是“助动词be ＋ 及物动词的过去分词”，其中be动词的形式变化同系动词be。因此，要复习好被动语态除了掌握其基本含义、基本构成之外，还要注意下面五个方面。 一、 明确被动语态的使用场合 一般来说,当句子的主语是句子谓语动作的承受者时,句子要用被动语态而不能用主动语态。 According to the news , many college students asked to be sent to the faraway places. 二、被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。高中阶段几种常用时态的被动语态形式为： 1．?am/is/are?+done?(过去分词)?一般现在时 In the muesum, visitors?are?requested?not?to?touch?the?exhibits.? 2．?has?/have?been?done?现在完成时 All?the?preparations?for?the?task?have?been?completed,?and?were?ready?to?start. 3．?am/is?/are?being?done?现在进行时 A?new?cinema?is?being?built?here, so we will go along antoher street. 4．?was/were?done?一般过去时 I?was?given?ten?minutes?to?decide?whether?I?should?reject?the?offer. 5．?had?been?done?过去完成时 By?the?end?of?last?year,?another?new?gymnasium?had?been?completed?in?Beijing. 6．?was/were?being?done?过去进行时 A?meeting?was?being?held?when?I?was?there. 7．?shall/will?be?done?一般将来时 Hundreds?of?jobs?will?be?lost?if?the?factory?closes. 8．?should/would?be?done?过去将来时 The?news?would?be?sent?to?the?soldiers?mother?as?soon?as?it?arrived. 三、主动形式，被动意义 1．有些表示状态特征的系动词、感官动词，如look, sound, feel ,smell, taste, prove, appear, sound, turn out 等+形容词/名词的系表结构。如： The musicof the famous play sounds beautiful. This shirt feels much softer than that one.这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多。 　　 That book smells old.那本书有一股霉味。 These oranges taste nice.这些橙子味道很好。 2．表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。例如：read, write, act, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut dry, eat, drink, keep, feel ,burn, last ,strike, cut等。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。或与表示行为方式的状语连用时，或与情态动词连用时，如： This latest type of the coats that factory produces dries easily. Don’t do that again , I am afraid the door won’t lock. Meat cuts easily.肉容易切。 His novel sells well.他的小说畅销。 The car drove easily.这车很容易开。 Your pen writes quite smoothly.你的笔写起来很滑。 3．表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, move。例如： Attention please ! work began at 7’clock this morning. 4．少数动词用于进行时，其主动形式表示被动含义。如：print, build, cook, fry ,hang, build, m