抗生素的血药浓度（英文PPT）PK-PD approach for antibioticstissue or blood drug level to predict antibiotic efficacyPPT.pptVIP

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抗生素的血药浓度（英文PPT）PK-PD approach for antibioticstissue or blood drug level to predict antibiotic efficacyPPT.ppt

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抗生素的血药浓度（英文PPT）PK-PD approach for antibioticstissue or blood drug level to predict antibiotic efficacyPPT

Microdialysis ultrafiltration Techniques What is microdialysis (MD)? Microdialysis, a tool to monitors free antibiotic concentrations in the fluid which directly surrounds the infective agent Microdialysis: The Principle The MD Probe mimics a blood capillary. There is an exchange of substances via extracellular fluid Diffusion of drugs is across a semipermeable membrane at the tip of an MD probe implanted into the ISF of the tissue of interest. Microdialysis Technique CMA60 Microdialysis Introducer with CMA 60 Microdialysis Catheter Outlet tube Vial holder Microvial Inlet tube Luer lock connection Puncture needle. Microdialysis Pump Perfusion fluid is pumped from the Microdialysis Pump through the Microdialysis Catheter into the Microvial. Microdialysis : Limits MD need to be calibrated Retrodialysis method Assumption: the diffusion process is quantitatively equal in both directions through the semipermeable membrane. The study drugs are added to the perfusion medium and the rate of disappearance through the membrane equals in vivo recovery. The in vivo percent recovery is calculated (CV of about 10-20%) Ultrafiltration Excessive (in vivo) calibration procedures are required for accurate monitoring Unlike MD, UF-sample concentrations are independent on probe diffusion characteristics Microdialysis vs. Ultrafiltration Ultrafiltration Vacuum The driving force is a pressure differential (a vacuum) applied across the semipermeable membrane The analyte cross the membrane by diffusion The driving force is a concentration gradient Microdialysis : a fluid is pumped through a membrane; Marbofloxacin : plasma vs.ISFIn vivo filtration Bidgood Papich JVPT 2005 28 329 Microdialysis Not suitable for long term in vivo studies Ultrafiltration Suitable for long term sampling (in larger animals, the UF permits complete freedom of movement by using vacutainer collection method) What we learnt with animal and human microdialysis studies Plasma (total, fre