特大桥首级控制网毕业论文.doc

摘 要 特大桥首级控制网分为首级平面控制网和首级高程控制网，对其设计与观测是特大桥工程建设的重要组成部分，在工程建设中具有十分重要的意义。本文将结合青岛跨海大桥，针对现代特大型桥梁施工建设对控制测量的要求，从桥梁工程的建设出发，对特大桥首级控制网测量技术设计进行详细的论述。主要分析利用GPS测量技术建立特大桥首级平面控制网和利用精密水准测量技术建立特大桥的首级高程控制网的方法。按照特大桥首级控制网的测量步骤，系统的阐述了特大桥首级控制网的设计、观测、数据处理的过程，以及在各个步骤中采取的提高精度的措施，通过完成青岛跨海大桥首级控制网的测量技术设计，得出一些对于特大桥首级控制网布设和测量有意义的结论。 关键字：特大桥；首级控制网；技术设计 Abstract The head control network of bridge with long span can be divided into the head horizontal control network and the vertical control network, for its design and survey is an important part of the bridge construction，and the head control network has very important means. Takes the Qingdao Bay Major Bridge as example, this article is for the technical requirement of survey for construction of bridges with long span, and gives a minute description about the technical design of survey of the head control network, which is designed for bridges with long span. The method of how to use GPS to set up the head horizontal control network and how to use precise leveling surveying to build the head vertical control network of bridges with long span is analyzed. According to the steps of the survey about the head control network, this paper explains the processes of the design, surveying, data processing and the measures which are adopted to improve the accuracy of the network in a systematic way. By completed the technical design of survey of the head control network about the Qingdao Bay Major Bridge, summarizes same meaningful conclusions for establishing the head control network of all the bridges with long span. Keyword: Bridge with long span; Head control network; Technical design 目 录 目录 1 1 绪论 2 1.1 研究的目的与意义 2 1.2 国内外的研究现状 3 1.3 本文研究的主要内容 5 2 工程概况 5 2.1 测区概况 5 2.1 工程简介 6 2.3 主要任务 6 2.4 作业技术指标 7 3、首级平面控制网测量技术设计 7 3.1 作业技术依据 7 3.2 坐标系统的选择及起算数据 8 3.3 网形的优化设计 8 3.4 大桥合龙处平面误差预计 10 3.5 选点埋石 15 3.6 外业观测 18 3.7 数据处理 22 3.8提交的成果 25 4首级高程控制网测量技术设计 26 4.1坐标系统及起算数据 26 4.2水准路线的选定及精度估算 26 4.3大桥合龙处高程误差预计 28 4.4实地选点埋石 30 4.5外业施测 31 4.6 数据处理 35 4.7 应提交的资料 36 5结论与