短文改错各个击破.docVIP

【短文改错】考点破解一：名词的数与格的误用 真题再练 下列各小题中有且仅有一处错误(多1个单词、少1个单词、错1个单词)，请指出并改正过来，然后说明理由。 1.(2015新课标卷I) The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.  2.(2014新课标卷I) Since then—for all these year—we have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. 3.(2013新课标卷I) He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black to gray over the years. 4.(2012新课标卷) From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. 5.(2011新课标卷) It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. 6.(2011新课标卷) When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes. 7.(2015新课标卷II) One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded. …he turned around and found that his parents were missing. 8.(2014新课标卷II) For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day. 9.(2013新课标卷II) When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. ? 思路点拨 解答这类题主要有6条依据： 1.依据可数名词与不可数名词的用法特点。 可数名词大于一时要用复数，不可数名词一般没有复数形式。如air, milk, water等物质名词与music, advice, fun等抽象名词是不可数名词，一般是没有复数形式的。还有luggage, furniture, equipment等都是容易出错的不可数名词。 2.依据名词前的修饰语。 如名词前有these, those, ten等修饰时，应当用复数。如［真题再练］2，these year就错了，要用these years才正确。 3.依据主谓一致原则。 如果谓语动词是复数，主语也应是复数；如果谓语动词是单数，主语也应是单数。如［真题再练］1，谓语是is getting，而主语是airs，可知这里一定有问题。 4.依据上下文信息。 如［真题再练］7，Tony went toa shopping center with his parent，汤姆是同他的父亲或母亲，还是同他父母一起去商场？下文his parents were missing告诉我们，是同父母一起去的，故parent应用复数。 5.依据生活常识。 如［真题再练］3，一个人的肩膀是有左有右的，应当用复数。如果没有这个常识就无法正确指出with broad shoulder这一错误。 6.依据逻辑意义。 如［真题再练］6，“当我最终到达朋友时”，“到达朋友”怎么讲得通呢？这里一定有问题，应当是“到达朋友的家”才通顺。 ? 考点归纳 名词是短文改错的必考点，5年8套题中无一例外。主要考查名词的“数”与“格”，具体有3点： 1.不可数名词没有复数，文中却用了复数。 如［真题再练］第1题和第5题。要牢记常见的不可数名词，如：fun, advice,information, work(工作), homework, housework, progress, luggage, furniture, equipment,money等。 2.可数名词该用复数时，文中却用了单数。 如［真题再练］第2、3、4、7、8、9题。显然，这是考查的重点。要注意可数名词前有these, those, several, few, many, a large number of, each of, oneof, 或大于1的数词修饰时，以及虽无这些词但根据语