制动器设计—.doc

制动器设计 摘要制动器可以分两大类，工业制动器和汽车制动器，汽车制动器又分为行车制动器（脚刹）和驻车制动器。 在行车过程中，一般都采用行车制动（脚刹），便于在前进的过程中减速停车，不单是使汽车保持不动。若行车制动失灵时才采用驻车制动。当车停稳后，就要使用驻车制动（手刹），防止车辆前滑和后溜。停车后一般除使用驻车制动外，上坡要将档位挂在一档（防止后溜），下坡要将档位挂在倒档（防止前滑）。 使机械运转部件停止或减速所必须施加的阻力矩称为制动力矩。制动力矩是设计、选用制动器的依据，其大小由机械的型式和工作要求决定。制动器上所用摩擦材料（制动件）的性能直接影响制动过程，而影响其性能的主要因素为工作温度和温升速度。摩擦材料应具备高而稳定的摩擦系数和良好的耐磨性。摩擦材料分金属和非金属两类。前者常用的有铸铁、钢、青铜和粉末冶金摩擦材料等，后者有皮革、橡胶、木材和石棉等。 臂架式盘式制动器是一种新型的主要适用于起重运输机械的制动装置。本论文着重介绍了其特点、关键零部件的选择或设计计算方法、主要性能参数及一些台架试验结果。除此之外还着重介绍了制动臂、松闸器等关键部件的设计参数及注意事项，同时细节方面对于制动器的静力矩也做了详细的计算设计。AbstractBrakes can be divided into two categories, industrial brakes and automotive brakes, automotive brake is divided into brake (foot brake) and the parking brake. In the driving process, generally used brake (foot brake), to facilitate the process of deceleration in the forward stop, not just the car to remain intact. If the traffic Zhidongshiling when using the parking brake. When the car completely stopped, it has to use the parking brake (hand brake), to prevent the vehicle front and rear slip slide. After stopping the general addition to the parking brake, the uphill hanging in a stall to stall (after the slide to prevent), downhill to hang in the reverse gear (to prevent forward slip.)Mechanical moving parts to stop or slow down the resistance of the moment must be applied as the brake torque. Braking torque is the design, selection based on the brake, the size of the pattern and work by the mechanical requirements of the decision. Friction material used on brake (brake parts) directly affects the performance of the braking process, and the main factors affecting the performance of the working temperature and the temperature rise speed. Friction material should have high and stable friction coefficient and good wear resistance. Metallic and nonmetallic friction materials sub-categories. The former are commonly used cast iron, steel, bronze, and powder metallurgy friction materials, which have leather, rubber, wood and asbestos.Disc brake ar