大学英语教学课件（大二上册）翻译中词的增补与省略.pptVIP

3.暗含重复省略 汉语表达结构中通常会暗含一些意思重复的词语，在译文要注意省略，避免累赘。 把年龄太小的孩子送入小学学习并不好。 It is no good putting a very young child in a primary school. * Parallelism, disyllable, monosyllable, conjunction * 周二12 * * 由动词或形容词派生来的抽象名词，翻译时根据上下文在其后增添适当的名词。 * Peter, Peter, Pumpkin eater, had a wife and couldn’t keep her. 天鹅发出美妙的歌声以终弥留。 * Peter, Peter, Pumpkin eater, had a wife and couldn’t keep her. 天鹅发出美妙的歌声以终弥留。 揭示背景、介绍习俗及阐释典故 Pumpkin-eater Swan song Peter, Peter, pumpkin eater, Had a wife and couldnt keep her; He put her in a pumpkin shell, And then he kept her very well. Peter, Peter, pumpkin eater, Had another, and didnt love her; Peter learned to read and spell, And then he loved her very well. 在古希腊神话中，阿波罗（Apollo）是太阳神、光明之神，由于他多才多艺，又是诗歌与音乐之神，后世奉他为文艺的保护神。天鹅( swan)是阿波罗的神鸟，故常用来比喻文艺。传说天鹅平素不唱歌，而在它死前，必引颈长鸣，高歌一曲，其歌声哀婉动听，感人肺腑。这是它一生中唯一的，也是最后的一次唱歌。因此，西方各国就用这个典故来比喻某诗人，作家，作曲家临终前的一部杰作，或者是某个演员，歌唱家的最后一次表演。即a last or farewell appearance；the last work before death之意；偶尔也可指某种最后残余的东西。 Pumpkin-eater 养不活老婆的人 Swan song 辞世之作，归天之作 英译汉中词的省略 词的省略 省略词语决不意味着可以随意删节原文的词句，而必须遵守一些原则。 1）在译文中看来是可有可无的，或是多余的； 2）其意思已经包含在上下文里； 3）其含义在译文中是不言而喻的。 1) It is better to do well than to say well. 说得好不如做得好。（≈喊破嗓子不如做出样子。） 2) It was with some difficulty that he found the way to his own house. 他费了不少劲才找到了回家的路。 3）It was just growing dark, as she shut the garden gate. 她关上园门时，已是暮色苍茫了。 省略it 省略连词 He looked gloomy and troubled. 他看上去有些忧愁不安。 Because departure is not easy we made it brief. 告别这件事难得很，我们就做得简单一些。 1) He is not well today, but he still comes to class. 他今天身体不好，但（他）还是来上课了。 2）China is changing, and the changes in China, if they continue, may profoundly change the world. 中国正在发生变化，这种变化如果持续下去，就可能深刻地改变全世界 省略代词和冠词 汉英翻译中的增词和减词 汉英翻译过程中，往往需要增加或减去原文中某些词语，以符合英语的语言规则和表达习惯。增词与减词必须保持译文所表达的含义和精神与原文一致。 汉译英的增词 Structural amplification subject ,’it’, object, conjunction, verb ‘be’, preposition Semantic amplification Logic amplification Cultural amplification 1.1增补主语 不坚持就会失败。 One will fail unles