灰铸铁在凝固过程中体积膨胀和收缩特性的研究.docx

灰铸铁在凝固过程中体积膨胀和收缩特性的研究韩建民1 , 马骁妍1 , 王金华1 , S. F. Hansen2(11 北方交通大学机电学院 , 北京 100044 ; 21 丹麦技术大学机械工程系)摘要 : 随着硅含量的增加 , 灰铸铁共晶凝固时的体积变化可以由收缩性质转变为膨胀性质 , 碳对亚共晶和过共晶灰铸铁凝固时体积膨胀或收缩有较大的影响 。同时调整碳硅含量 , 可有效地改变灰铸铁凝固转变过程的体积收缩和膨胀特性 。另外 , 石墨类型对凝固时的体积膨胀和收缩也有一定的影响 。通过调整上述影响因素 , 可以控制灰铸铁凝固时体积膨胀或收缩的性质和数量大小 , 对解决灰铸铁凝固时因体积收缩或膨胀产生的铸造缺陷如渗铁和缩孔等具有重要意义 。关键词 : 灰铸铁 ; 凝固 ; 体积变化 ; 膨胀 ; 收缩 ; 缩孔中图分类号 : T G14312文献标识码 : A文章编号 : 100124977 (2000) 0720406203A Study o n the Volume Exp ansio n and Co ntra ctio n Chara ct e ri stic sof Gra y Ca st Iro n in Solidific atio n Pro c e s sHAN J ia n2min1 , MA Xiao2ya n1 , WAN G J in2hua1 , S F Ha nse n2(11Me cha nic al a nd Ele ctric al Institut e , No rthe rn J iao to ng Unive r sity , B eijing 100044 , China ;21Me cha nic al Engine e ring Dep a rtme nt , De nma rk Te chnic al Unive r sity , De nma rk)Ab stra ct : As the a mo unt of silico n incre a se s , the volume shrinkage in the eut e ctic solidific atio n of gra y c a st iro n c a n be cha nge d into e xp a nsio n f e ature , while c a rbo n will mainly det e rmine the volume shrinkage o r e xp a nsio n f e ature in the solidific atio n p ro c e s s of hypo2 a nd hyp e r2 eut e ctic gra y c a st iro n. By cha nging the c a rbo n a nd silico n in a p rop e r wa y at the sa me time , the volume e xp a nsio n o r shrinka ge f e ature in the c a st iro n solidific atio n c a n be signific a ntly cha nge d . Grap hit e typ e s ha ve al so so me eff e ct o n the volume cha nge of the solidific atio n. The shrinkage o r e xp a nsio n cha ra ct e ri stic s a nd it s a mo unt in the solidific atio n of gra y c a st iro n c a n be cha nge d by just co ntrolling the f a cto r s me ntio ne d a bo ve , which ha s a typic al sig2 nific a nc e o n solving the def e ct s such a s e xudatio n p e netratio n o r shrinka ge hole s c ause d by e xp a nsio n o r shrinka ge in the solidific atio n.Ke y wo rd s : gra y c a st iro n ; solidific atio n ; volume cha nge ; shrinka ge灰 铸 铁