外文翻译--- 半导体气敏传感器.docxVIP

附录1： Semiconductor Gas SensorsResearch and development of gas sensors have shown great advances during the past decade. Semiconductor gas sensors mainly using SnO2 elements have been prevailing as detectors or alarms for leakage of LP ( Liquified Propane) gas and town gas, in addition to other applications. Gas sensors based on MOSFET, first proposed in 1975,have attracted interests of many researchers, and have been developed to a point of commercialization as a hydrogen detector. Solid electrolytes, represented by stabilized zirconia, have proven to be very promising sensor materials for oxygen, SO2, etc. This paper aims at reviewing briefly recent advances and trends in semiconductor gas sensors which were developed in a recent few years. Semiconductor gas sensors detect gases from a change in electrical resistance of an element made with a semiconductive metal oxide, typically SnO2. Although sensors utilizing γ-Fe2O3 or α-Fe2O3 have been put into practical use, SnO2 sensor still has an overwhelming market share. The production of semiconductor gas sensors has grown into a large industry: more than 5 million pieces were produced in 1983. Most of them have been used in domestic homes as detectors or alarms for gas leakage. Field statistics has shown that gas alarms are quite effective to prevent an outbreak of gas leakage accident; the accident rate sharply decreases with an increase in gas alarm installation rate. It is useful to know actual Ltd. has analyzed the cases where gas alarms were effective for prevention of disastorous gas accidents. The result is shown in Fig.1. The causes are associated dominantly with mishanding or defects of gas appliances (66.8%), and then with stopcocks (11.3%), suicides (7.6%), gas pipes (6.7%), connectors (6.4%), and the others (1.2%). It is rather surprising that suicides are ranked in the third place in this analysis. Anyway semiconductor gas sensors have been so far given much credit as an important device for home security