道路桥梁施工方法-机具等.docxVIP

桥梁下部结构的构造特点1．重力式桥墩：梁桥重力式桥墩由墩帽、墩身、基础等组成，墩帽要满足支座布置和局部承压的需要；与梁桥重力式桥墩相比较，拱桥重力式桥墩具有拱座等构造设施，且制动墩要比普通墩尺寸更厚实，能承受单向较大的水平推力，防止倾坍。2．/s?wd=%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%BC%8F%E6%A1%A5%E5%8F%B0tncprfenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Ykry7WmHPBnWfYnjcLm19-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPH0kn1mLPWRd重力式桥台(/s?wd=u%E5%9E%8B%E6%A1%A5%E5%8F%B0tncprfenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Ykry7WmHPBnWfYnjcLm19-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPH0kn1mLPWRdu型桥台)：由台帽、背墙、台身(前墙、侧墙)、基础、锥坡等几部分组成。背墙、前墙与侧墙结合成一体，兼有挡土墙和支撑墙的作用。3．梁桥轻型桥墩(1)/s?wd=%E9%92%A2%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9Ftncprfenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Ykry7WmHPBnWfYnjcLm19-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPH0kn1mLPWRd钢筋混凝土薄壁桥墩：圬工体积小、结构轻巧，比重力式桥墩可节约圬工量70％左右。(2)柱式桥墩：由分离的2根或多根立柱(或桩柱)组成，是公路桥梁中采用较多的桥墩形式之一。(3)柔性排架桩墩：由单排或双排的/s?wd=%E9%92%A2%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9Ftncprfenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Ykry7WmHPBnWfYnjcLm19-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPH0kn1mLPWRd钢筋混凝土桩与/s?wd=%E9%92%A2%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9Ftncprfenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Ykry7WmHPBnWfYnjcLm19-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPH0kn1mLPWRd钢筋混凝土盖梁连接而成。4．梁桥轻型桥台(1)设有支撑梁的轻型桥台(2)/s?wd=%E5%9F%8B%E7%BD%AE%E5%BC%8F%E6%A1%A5%E5%8F%B0tncprfenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Ykry7WmHPBnWfYnjcLm19-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPH0kn1mLPWRd埋置式桥台：(3)钢筋混凝土薄壁桥台：(4)加筋土桥台：5．拱桥轻型桥墩(1)带三角杆件的单向推力墩：(2)悬臂式单向推力墩。6．拱桥轻型桥台(1)八字形桥台。(2)u字形桥台(3)背撑式桥台：(4)靠背式框架桥台：(二)桥梁下部结构的受力特点桥墩为多跨桥梁中的中间支承结构物，除承受上部结构产生竖向力、水平力和弯矩外，还承受风力、流水压力及可能发生的地震力、冰压力、船只和漂流物的撞击力。桥台设置在桥梁两端，除了支承/s?wd=%E6%A1%A5%E8%B7%A8%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84tncprfenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH