“中国粮仓”——黑龙江省粮食生产分析与发展策略.docVIP

“中国粮仓”——黑龙江省粮食生产分析与发展策略 第42卷第7期 2011年7月 东北农业大学 JournalofNortheastAgriculturalUniversity 42(7):1-7 July2011 “中国粮仓黑龙江省粮食生产分析与发展策略 魏浞,王建国,顾万荣 (1.东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨l50o30:2.中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,哈尔滨150081) 摘要:2010年黑龙江省的粮食总产量突破1000亿斤,对稳定国内粮食市场供应和保障国家粮食安全发挥 了重要作用.面对新形势下黑龙江省耕地面积急剧增长,粮食播种面积逐年扩大,总产逐年增加,农垦现代农业 发展迅速等新特点,文章从种植业角度进行分析,针对当前黑龙江省发展”千亿斤”产能背后的一些深层次问题, 如种植单产低,种植效益低,种植结构不合理,抗自然灾害能力弱,生态资源消耗严重,个别农产品对外依存度 高等,提出了优化种植业结构,通过技术集成提升农田生产能力,提高防灾减灾能力,积极发展粮食深加工用技 术,大力发展生物质产业等发展策略,从而确保黑龙江省粮食高产,稳产,实现农业的可持续发展. 关键词:黑龙江省;种植业分析;深层次问题;发展策略 中图分类号:F327文献标志码:A文章编号:1005—9369(2011)07～0001-07 Chinagrana——-Grainproductionanalysisandresolvingstrategiesin HeilongjiangProvince/wEiShi’,WANGJianguo2,GUWanrong’(1_CollegeofAgriculture, No~heastAgriculturalUniversity.Hain150030.China;2.No~heastInstituteofGeographyand Agroecology,ChineseAcademyofSciences.Harbin150081,China) Abstract:In2010.thegrainoutputofHeilongjiangProvinceexceeded50billionkilograms,which playedanimportantroleinmaintainingthedomesticgrainmarketsupplyandensuringnationalfood secunty.Atpresentsituation,HeilongjiangProvinceshowedsomecharacteristics,suchastherapidgrowth ofgrainSOWnarea.increasingtotalproduction,therapidmodernagriculturedevelopmentinagdcultural reclamation.Focusingonthedeep-rootedproblemsbehindthedevelopmentofHeilongjiangProvincefor thecurrent”50billionkilograms”outputprogram,thepaperpointedoutsomeproblems--thelowplanting yield,lowefficiencyandlowprofit,irrationalplantingstructure,lowanti—naturaldisasterab=~,iy,high consumIptionofecologicalresources,highdependenceonforeignagriculturalproductsandSOon. Resolvingstrategieswerealsoproposedinthisarticle,optimizationofcropstructure,throughthe technologyintegrationtoenhancefarmproductivity.improvingdisasterpreventionandmitigation capabilities,developinggraindeepprocessingtechniqueandbiomassindustryactivelyforensudngthe highandstableyieldandrealizethesustainableagriculturedevelopmentinHeilongjiangProvince. Keywords:HeilongjiangProvince;plantinganalysis;deep-seatedproblem;resolvingstrategy 黑