船舶建造合同论文：论船舶建造合同的“倒签”问题.docVIP

船舶建造合同论文：论船舶建造合同的“倒签”问题 【中文摘要】船舶建造合同的“倒签”是2007年初至2009年初普遍出现在国内造船业界的一种现象。2008年底航运市场和新造船市场随着全球金融危机的爆发而暴跌后,陆续出现了一些涉及“倒签”问题的船舶建造合同的争议,这些争议主要集中在船东质疑此类合同在其准据法下的法律效力。上述“倒签”现象是在特殊市场环境下,受造船企业自身条件所限和受船舶建造合同各当事方的商业利益驱使而产生的,其产生的背景比较复杂;船舶建造合同的“倒签”实际上是各当事方共同操作的结果,应属于合同约定的一部分。因此,即使“倒签”的确会给船舶建造合同带来一定的法律缺陷,影响到合同的强制执行力,但船东作为参与“倒签”的一方并不能以“倒签”为正当理据来推翻合同、并索回预付款;而船东这么做的真正是为了在市场下跌时借助“倒签”问题来向船厂施压,逼迫船厂做出价格折让。为此,对于那些手持订单中仍存有“倒签”合同的造船企业,建议一方面应注重文字证据的整理和收集,为一旦诉诸法律有所准备;另一方面应注意把握船舶建造现场工作的主动权,确保船舶在相关期限届临前达到完工状态。 【英文摘要】The“back-dated”shipbuilding contracts were phenomenon that can be widely found in Chinese shipbuilding industry during the period between early 2007 and early 2009. Right after the shipping and shipbuilding markets抍risis occurred in end 2008, the disputes related to such揵ack-dated攕hipbuilding contracts became to emerge in succession, and among which the majority was oppugning by the shipowners towards the legal effect of such揵ack-dated攕hipbuilding contracts under their applied law.Aforementioned揵ack dating攑henomenon was occurred under a specific market environment, and the揵ack-dated攕hipbuilding contracts were attributed to the shipbuilders抜nner restrictions and were impelled by the commercial interest of the concerned parties; the揵ack-dated攕hipbuilding contracts were as a matter of fact produced by all the concerned parties involved in, and they therefore should be considered as a part of the contractual agreement. And, consequently, although a揵ack-dated攕hipbuilding contract was somehow defective in view of law, i.e. it may not be enforceable or its enforceability will be weaken under its applied law, the揵ack dating攃ould not be regarded as a justified reason for the shipowner to rescinded the shipbuilding contract and sequentially request for refundment. The shipowner抯 real purpose for doing so, however, was to compel the shipbuilder at the era of market crisis in making price reductions.In consideration of the forgoing, for the shipbuilders who still having揵ack-date