汉语句式 3 的英译.docVIP

汉语以此喻彼或以彼喻此的句式： “甲像乙（一样）“；“甲如同乙（一样）；甲好像乙……（似的）”；“正如（正像）……一样（那样）……”；“正如/好像……” 英语对应句式： 第一式：本体（主语）+like+喻体（名词/名词性词组） 本体（主语）+as+喻体（名词/名词性词组/从句） 本体（主语）+be likened to+喻体（名词/名词性词） 例如：1、艰苦的工作就像担子，摆在我们面前，看我们敢不敢承担。 Hard work is like (or, can be likened to) a load placed before us, challenging us to shoulder it . 2、这种草药，正如当地老百姓对我说的那样，果然能治感冒。 This herbal medicine, as I was told by the local people, turned out to be very effective in curing a cold. 3、这就像一句老话讲的那样，“收人礼物，授人以柄”。 This is somewhat like what is implied in the old saying, “He that takes is bound.” 第二式：It is in/with+本体+as+in/with+喻体 例如：1、时间就像流水一样，一去不复返。 It is with time as with the current of water: Once it goes, it never comes back. 2、学如逆水行舟，不进则退。 It is in studying as in sailing against the current------forge ahead or be driven back. 第三式：用词组连接词“as if / as though…”造句；此式常出现如下的搭配： 1、as if / as though+that-clause 例如： A.在我看来，你好像有什么心事。 It seems to me as if you’ve got something on your mind. B.他从清晨一直工作到深夜，仿佛是台机器，不知道疲劳似的。 He works from very early in the morning until very late in the night every day as if he were a machine without any idea of fatigue. C.不要总认为只有自己才行，别人什么都不行，好像世界上没有自己，地球就不转了。 Don’t think you alone can do everything while others can do nothing; as if the earth would stop turning without you. D.他走路的样子就好像喝醉了酒似的。 He walked as if he were drunk. 2、as if / as though+prep.phrase ，例如： A.他坐在那里一声不吭，好像陷入了沉思。 He sat there silent as if deep in thinking. B.梦里，他觉得自己一步就跃到了山顶，好像插上了翅膀似的。 In the dream he felt he reached the summit of the mountain with only one jump as if on wings . 3、as if / as though+inf.phrase ， 例如： A.他把手举起来，好像要打我似的。 He raised his hand as if to beat me . B.他今天把胡子刮得干干净净，换了一身新衣服，好像要去参加什么聚会似的。 Clean shaven and in brand new dress today, he behaved as if to join in a party. 4、as if / as though+v-ing/v-ed phrase ， 例如： A.那个小男孩突然放声大哭起来，好像被人打了似的。 The little boy burst out crying as if beaten by somebody. B.把手握起来，但是不抓紧，样子像抓，还是抓不住东西。 When the hand is