英语必修5第二单元grammar.docxVIP

第三课时 grammar :Past participle (2)Step1 Studying aims:（1min）o help students learn about the past participle 2as the object complementStep2 、观察下列句子并归纳总结：（课前板书框架，后进学生口述回答，其他学生补充，教师板演）一、第一次先学后教（5mins）（先学）Observing1. Ask students to find out the sentences with past participles used as object complement. 1) Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. 2) To their surprise, the three countries found themselves united peacefully instead of by war. 3) However, just as they were going to get Ireland connected to form its own government. 2. Get students to work in pairs to translate these sentences. （后教）Summarize and understand1. Page12. Discovering useful structures Exercise One. 2. Ask students to read the examples and draw a conclusion and some general usages of past participle as object complements. 英语中有些动词，除了有一个直接宾语外，还要有一个宾补，句子才完整。一、作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系 1. 及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。 2. 少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。例如： She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。3. 动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义，因此，虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系，但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。例如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。二、需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况1. 表示“意欲；命令”的动词如 like, want, wish, order 等，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。The father wants his daughter taught the piano. 这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。2. 感官动词 see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find 等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。Eg：I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. 刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。3. 使役动词 have, get, make, leave, keep 等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。Have you got your films developed? 你拿胶卷去冲洗了没有？ 4. “with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）注意：在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且作宾补的动词是