金融英语名词解释.docVIP

金融英语名词解释(仅供参考) We use money to pay for our purchases and to store wealth. We use financial instruments to transfer resources from savers to investors and to transfer risk to those who are best equipped to bear it. Financial markets allow us to buy and sell financial instruments quickly and cheaply. Financial institutions provide a number of services, including access to the financial markets and collection of information about prospective borrowers to ensure they are creditworthy. Central banks monitor and stabilize the economy. Difference between Money and Currency Economists define money (also referred to as the money supply) as anything that is generally accepted in payment for goods or services or in the repayment of debts. Currency, consisting of dollar bills and coins, clearly fits this definition and is one type of money. Transaction Cost The time spent trying to exchange goods and services is called a transaction cost. Liquidity Liquidity is a measure of the ease with which an asset can be turned into a means of payment, namely money. Inflation Inflation is a sustained rise in the general price level—that is, the price of everything goes up more or less at the same time. M1=currency +Traveler’s checks +Demand deposits +Other checkable deposits M2=M1 +Small-denomination time deposits +Savings deposits and money market deposit accounts +Money market mutual fund shares (non-institutional) M3=M2 +Large-denomination time deposits +Money market mutual fund shares (institutional) +Repurchase agreements +Eurodollars Credit unions (CUs) Credit unions (CUs) are nonprofit organizations composed of members with a common bond, such as an affiliation with a particular labor union, church, university, or even residential area. Pension fund Like an insurance company, a pension fund offers people the ability to make premium payments today in exchange for promised payments under certain future circumstances. Defined-contribution pension pla