大学英语4 Unit5 To_Lie_or_not_to_lie.docVIP

To Lie or Not to Lie —The Doctor’s Dilemma [di?lem?]n.窘境，困境；进退两难 Sissela Bok Should doctors ever [?ev?]adv.永远；曾经，这以前；究竟，到底；可能 lie to benefit their patients- to speed recovery or to conceal [k?n?si:l] vt.隐藏，隐瞒，遮住the approach [??pro?t?]vt. vi.接近，走近，靠近vt.接近；着手处理；使移近；试图贿赂（或影响，疏通）n.方法；途径；接近vi.靠近of death? In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed [dw?:f]n.侏儒，矮子；矮小的动物（植物）；[天]矮星vt.（使）显得矮小；使（发育，智能等）受阻碍；使相形见绌vi.变矮小adj.矮小的by greater needs: the need to shelter [??elt?]n.居所；避难所；（无家可归者或受虐待者的）收容所；遮蔽vt.掩蔽；庇护；保护vi.躲避；避难from brutal news or to uphold [?p?h?uld]vt.支持；维持；赞成；支撑a promise of secrecy; to expose corruption [k??r?p??n]n.腐败，堕落；腐化，贪污；舞弊，贿赂；（文献等的）讹误or to promote the public interest. What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the truth? If he asks, should the doctors deny [di?nai]vt.拒绝；拒绝承认；拒绝……占有；否认知情that he is ill, or minimize [?minimaiz]vt.把……减至最低数量[程度]；对（某事物）作最低估计，极力贬低（某事物）的价值[重要性]；极度轻视the gravity ?ɡr?viti]n.重力；万有引力，地心引力；重要性，严重性；严肃，庄重of the prognosis [pr?g?n??s?s]n.[医]预后，判病结局；预测? Should they at least conceal the truth until after the family vacation? Doctors confront [k?n?fr?nt]vt.面对；使面对面，使对质；碰到，遇到；比较such choices often and urgently [??:d??ntl?]adv.紧急地，急迫地. At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient’s own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones. Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing [in?f?:m]vt.通知；使活跃，使充满；预示vi.通知；告发them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate [di?ti?ri?reit]vt.使恶化vi.恶化，变坏faster, perhaps even commit [k??mit]vt.犯罪，做错事；把……托付给；保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等）；承诺，使……承担义务suicid