HND2013经济学outcome1答案框架.docxVIP

Answer?the?following?questions?in?relation?to?WJE??1?Economics?revolves?around?the?nature?of?choice?and?the?availability?of?Resources.?With?reference?to?WJE’s?current?situation,?explain?what?is?meant?by?the?term?‘the?basic?(central)?economic?problem’.??经济学围绕所选择的性质和资源的可用性。参考Wje的现状，解释什么是“基本经济问题”（中央）。回答：在这里涉及到基本经济问题中的两种，一种是稀缺资源，另一种是选择。稀缺资源：定义（看书）+ 文章中的例子（金钱，材料等等具体说出来）；机会：定义（看书）+ 文中的例子（在introduce a new model和 upgrade the Tiger2 at a modest cost中选一个）2?In?relation?to?WJE’s?current?situation?explain?what?is?meant?by?the?term?opportunity?cost.在关系到Wje现状的解释什么是短期机会成本。回答：机会成本的定义（书上）+联系例子（文中选择了introduce a new model，因此文中的机会成本便是upgrade the Tiger2 at a modest cost）3?Figure?1?shows?the?demand?and?supply?curves?for?performance?sports?cars?similar?to?those?offered?by?WJE.?The?quantity?demanded?is?illustrated?by?line?D,?and?the?quantity?firms?are?prepared?to?supply?is?illustrated?by?line?S.图1显示性能跑车所提供的类似的需求和供给曲线Wje。需求量是由线D所示，和公司准备供给的数量说明是线SFigure?1?—?World?Market?for?Performance?Sports?Cars??Quantity?Demanded?and?Supplied???(a)?In?figure?1?identify?which?curve?would?best?depict?the?likely?outcome?for???each?of?the?following?situations.??在图1中确定的曲线将最好的描述下列情况的可能的结果。(i)New?legislation?significantly?increases?safety?requirements,?requiring?a?substantial?and?expensive?redesign?of?sports?cars.??新的立法，大大增加了安全性的要求，需要大量昂贵的跑车设计。回答：S1（最好画个图）原因：新的政策要求导致厂家重新生产，因此在重新生产期间供应量会减少，因此供给降低为S1 (ii)?The?launch?of?a?successful?television?programmer?which?features?performance?sports?cars.?一个成功的电视节目的功能性能跑车的推出。回答：D1（最好画个图）原因：一个成功的电视节目等于一个好的广告，这可以吸引更多的顾客，从而就是需求变大了(iii)?A?significant?technological?advancement?in?the?manufacture?ofcarbon?fibre?as?used?in?WJE’s?cars,?which?will?reduce?material?costs?by?25%.??在制造碳纤维用Wje汽车的一个重大的技术进步，这将减少25%的材料成本。回答：S2（最好画个图）原因： 材料成本减少就是生产成本减少，这样会使厂家在同样的资金下生产出更多的车，从而增加供给量(iv)?Research?uncovers?greatly?increased?risks?of?serious?injury?in?accidents?involving?sports?cars.?研究发现的风险大大增加严重损伤涉及跑车事故。回答：D 2（最好画个图）原因： 因为许多人买车会把安全性放在第一位，这个调查一出会是很多人对买跑车犹豫，也会让跑车的替代品需求量增加，因此人们对跑车的总的需求量就减少了(b)?For?eac