中国铁路工作效率低外文翻译（可编辑）.doc

中国铁路工作效率低外文翻译 外文翻译 原文 Chinese Railways Current Sources of Inefficiency Material Source:Chinese Railways Reform and Efficiency Improvement OpportunitiesAuthor:Kairin Luger This chapter will first present some hypotheses on the main inefficiencies in Chinese Railwaysoperations derived from the key performance indicators introducedIn order to ease application, the inefficiencies will be grouped according to the business fields holding, freight, and infrastructure. Inefficiencies Shown by Key Performance Indicators.The KPIs have been surveyed for 11 countries and 15 railway companies,plus the UKs roughly 25 private passenger train operating companies and its four largest private rail freight operators .More than 70 per cent of the railway companies in the sample are stateownedwithout UK. Overall, the analysis does not show a correlation between state or private ownership and business performance, in other words, the widespread assumption that state-owned companies are financial under performers cannot be confirmed for the railway sample. Chinese Railways financials show mixed results: they have the highest revenue growth over 2003 21 per cent, and also by far the highest EBIT growth more than 160 per cent over 2003. A comparison of EBIT margins however reveals a profitability problem: Chinese Railways have an EBIT margin of less than 3 per cent, which is the lowest of the benchmark samplethe benchmark average is almost 11 per cent, and only the seventh highest of the entire sample. The reasons can be manifold: low amount of performed transport kilometers, low prices for passenger and freight services,or a high cost base, to name just a few. However, the financials also reveal a positive fact: Chinese Railways have the second highest gross investmentafter the US Class 1 railroads, indicating that the more plans for network upgrade and expansion in an attempt to enable the railway for future growth. Chinese Railways carry by far the lar