美国宾州州立大学战略管理讲义.ppt

Management 471 Strategic Management Summer 2000 Strategy … Complicated? “Hit it where they ain’t.” Willie Keeler, Major League All Star, on how he got so many hits. “’cause that’s where the money is.” Willie Sutton, famed bank robber on why he kept robbing banks. “I take my five best ‘uns, and tell’em to beat the other team’s five best ‘uns.” Anonymous NBA coach The Origins of Strategy The term “strategy” is derived from the Greek term strategia, or generalship Startegia itself is derived from stratos, or army, and ag, to lead. Whether the sphere is military, athletic, or economic, the essence of strategy is superior performance. What is Strategy? Distinguishing strategy from tactics: Strategy is the overall plan for deploying resources to establish a favorable position. Tactic is a scheme for a specific maneuvre. Characteristics of strategic decisions: Important. Involve a significant commitment of resources. Not easily reversible. The Basic Framework:Strategy, the Link between the Firm And its Environment The Basic Framework:Fit between the Firm And its Environment Levels of Strategy and Organization Structure The Rationalist School Versus The Process School Deliberate choice process Chaotic organizational Strategy Making : Design or Process? The Multiple Roles of Strategy Organizational Performance Performance Measures Suggested Approach Existing assets: maximize after-tax rate of return New investments seek after-tax rate of return at least in excess of weighted average cost of capital Management 471Strategic Management The Industry Environment Chapter 3 Today’s Roadmap Recap Quiz Wizard Strategy as fit between internal resources and external environment Maximize performance In the news Today Value drives profits Industry attractiveness (Porter) Industry analysis Today’s News Analyzing the Industry Environment The objectives of industry analysis From environmental analysis to industry analysis Porter’s Five Forces Model Applying in