M5 Unit 2 The environment 语言点.docVIP

M5 Unit 2 The environment Welcome to the unit Language points 1．A healthy environment is important for our survival. 健康的环境对我们的生存是很重要的。 survival 的用法: (1)不可数名词，意为“幸存；生存；存在”， The mans survival was surprising, as the doctors thought he would die. 这个人能活下来真是出人意外，因为医生们认为他必死无疑。 We need food and water for survival. 我们为了生存需要食物和水。 (2)可数名词，意为“幸存者；残留物”， Mike is the only survival in the air crash. 麦克是空难的唯一幸存者。 【焦点拓展】survive 的用法 (1) 不及物动词，意为“大难不死；死里逃生; 在…之后还活着” Few survived after the flood. 洪水过后，生还者极少。 The man was very ill, but he survived. 这个人病得很厉害，可是他活下来了。 (2) 及物动词，意为比……活得长; 经历……而存活/挺过来”， She survived her husband by ten years. 她比她丈夫多活了十年。 The old house survived the storm. 经过暴风雨袭击，那座古老的房屋并未倒塌。 2.…discuss the questions below with a partner. 和你的同伴讨论下面的问题。 below的用法 (1) 副词，意为“在下面, 在页底”，作后置定语， See page 85 below. 见第85页下面（或见以下第85页）。 Standing on top of the mountain, we found the city below very beautiful.站在山顶，我们发现下面的城市非常美丽。 (2) 介词，意为 “在...下面; 低于” My brother is in the class below mine. 我弟弟的班级比我低。 【焦点拓展】 像below一样表示时间或地点的副词作定语时应后置。常见的副词有：here; there; in; out; up; down; above; upstairs; indoors; now; then等。 The people there are very kind to visitors. 那里的人对来访者很友好。 On my way home, I met an old friend of mine. 在回家的路上我遇见了一位老朋友。 3．Look at the pictures above and discuss which problems are caused by nature and which ones are caused by man. 看上面的图片，讨论哪些问题是由自然界引起的，哪些是由人类引起的。 (1) cause 的用法 ① cause：动词，意为“引起；使；促成”， The heavy rain caused the flood. 大雨引起了洪水。 The wound isnt serious, but may cause some discomfort.伤口并不严重,但可能会引起一些不舒适。 ② cause: 名词，意为“原因；导致某事发生的人、事；理由；根据；目标”， The heavy rain was the cause of the flood. 大雨是导致洪水产生的原因。 There is no cause for anxiety. 不必焦虑。 There is no cause for concern, for the windstorm was not too serious.那场风暴不太厉害,没必要担心。 They’ll fight for the cause of world peace 他们将为世界和平而战 She has made up her mind to fight for the cause of peace all her life.她已下定决心为和平事业奋斗终身。 (2) nature：名词，意为“性格；本性；种类; 自然界；世界”， Peter has a happy nature. He is a good-natured boy.彼得生性快乐，他是个