抽穗开花期不同高温处理对水稻开花习性和结实率的影响-中国农学通报.pdfVIP

中国农学通报 2012,28(30): 116-120 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 抽穗开花期不同高温处理对水稻开花习性和结实率的影响 张桂莲，刘思言，张顺堂，肖应辉，唐文邦，陈立云 （湖南农业大学农学院，长沙410128 ） 摘 要：为了探明高温胁迫对水稻的伤害机理，利用人工气候箱在水稻抽穗开花期对2 个耐热性不同早 稻品种进行不同高温处理，研究高温胁迫对水稻开花习性和结实率的影响。结果表明，随着胁迫温度的 升高，日开花数减少，日开花峰值降低，开颖角度减小，花粉粒直径增大，花药开裂、花粉活力、柱头活力 下降，结实率降低。相关分析表明，2 个品种的结实率与花粉活力、花药开裂系数、柱头活力之间均呈显 * * * 著正相关（R=0.9733 ，0.9768 和0.9270 ）。水稻抽穗开花期受高温的危害存在品种间差异，相同高温胁 迫下，耐热品种996 受高温的伤害小于热敏感品种4628 。 关键词：水稻；抽穗开花期；不同高温处理；开花习性；结实率 中图分类号：S511 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2012-0305 Effects of Different High Temperature Treatment on Flowering Characteristics and Seed Setting of Rice During Heading and Flowering Period ZhangGuilian,LiuSiyan,ZhangShuntang,XiaoYinghui,TangWenbang,ChenLiyun (AgronomyCollege,HunanAgriculturalUniversity,Changsha410128) Abstract: Inordertoascertainthedamagemechanismofhightemperaturestressonrice,twoearlyrice cultivarsweretreatedwithdifferenthightemperaturetreatmentduringheadingandfloweringperiodinthe controlled environment chamber, flowering characteristics and seed setting were determined. The results showedthat,withtheincreaseoftemperaturetreatment,dailynumberofspikeletfloweringandthedaily flowering peak value decreased, glume opening angle, anther dehiscence, pollen vigour, stigma vigour decreased, pollen diameter significantly increased, seed setting decreased. According to the correlation analysis,seedsettingratiooftwocultivarsshowedasignificantlylinearcorrelationwithpollenvigour,anther dehiscenceandstigmavigour,respectively.Asignificantlydifferenceofdifferenthightemperaturetreatment effects on flowering characteristics and seed setting during heading and flowering period existed among