复杂地形下传感器网络中传感器的放置模型与算法.PDFVIP

第 20 卷第 21 期 系 统 仿 真 学 报© Vol. 20 No. 21 2008 年 11 月 Journal of System Simulation Nov., 2008 复杂地形下传感器网络中传感器的放置模型与算法 刘宗香，谢维信 （深圳大学信息工程学院ATR 实验室, 深圳 518060 ） 摘 要：有效的传感器放置能改善网络覆盖、减小网络中的通讯量，是传感器组网过程中必须解决的 关键问题。研究和分析了不同网格结构的性能，建立了用于传感器放置的地形模型，提出了一种基于 矢量地图数据的传感器放置算法。算法以优化传感器数目为目标，将传感器放置在能带来最大有效变 化的网格节点上。仿真实际表明，与现有传感器放置算法相比，算法具有更高的效率。 关键词：传感器网络；传感器放置；矢量地图；优化算法 中图分类号：TN919.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1004-731X (2008) 21-5907-04 Sensor Placement Model and Algorithm for Distributed Sensor Networks LIU Zong-xiang, XIE Wei-xin (ATR Laboratory, College of Information and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China) Abstract: Intelligent sensor placement, which increases the efficiency of network coverage and decreases the need for excessive network communication for target surveillance, location and tracking, is a key issue to be solved in sensor networking. The efficiency of various grid structure was discussed, the terrain model for sensor placement was constructed, and a sensor placement algorithm was proposed based on vector map data. The proposed algorithm aimed at optimizing the number of sensor and placed a sensor at the grid point which maximized the globe effective change. Simulation results show that the advantage of the proposed algorithms over the algorithms available is its higher efficiency. Key words: sensor network; sensor placement; vector map; optimization algorithm 引 言 1 也存在不足，会造成过多的冗余覆盖，这样完成整个探测空 域的覆盖需要布置较多的传感器。此外，这两种算法仅考虑 传感器网络被称为二十一世纪最具影响的关键技术之