故宫英文版.ppt

The Forbidden City The Forbidden City was the Chinese imperial palace from the Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. It is located in the middle of Beijing, China. For almost 500 years, it served as the home of emperors and their households, as well as the ceremonial and political center of Chinese government. The Introduction of Forbidden City Built in 1406 to 1420, the complex consists of 9999 buildings and covers 720,000 ㎡. The palace buildings exemplify traditional Chinese palatial architecture and have influenced cultural and architectural developments in East Asia and elsewhere. Since 1925, the Forbidden City has been under the charge of the Palace Museum The Forbidden City was declared a World Heritage Site in 1987, and is listed by UNESCO as the largest collection of preserved ancient wooden structures in the world. The Forbidden City, as the residence of the terrestrial emperor, was its earthly counterpart. Jin, or Forbidden, referred to the fact that no-one could enter or leave the palace without the emperors permission. Cheng means a walled city. Today, the site is most commonly known in Chinese as Gùgōng (故宫), which means the Former Palace. The museum which is based in these buildings is known as the Palace Museum (Chinese: 故宫博物院 ) “紫禁城”这个名字和中国古代哲学和天文学有关。中国人认为“天人感应”和“天人合一”。因此故宫的结构是模 仿传说中的“天宫”构造的。古代天文学把恒星分为三垣，周围环绕着28宿，其中紫微垣（北极星）正处中天，是所有星宿的中心。紫禁城之紫，就是“紫微正中”之紫，意为皇宫也是 人间的 “正中”。“禁”则指皇室所居，尊严无比，严禁侵扰。 History The site of the Forbidden City was situated on the Imperial City during the Mongol Yuan Dynasty. Upon the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, the Hongwu Emperor moved the capital from Beijing in the north to Nanjing in the south. When his son Zhu Di became the Yongle Emperor, he moved the capital back to Beijing, and construction began in 1406 of what would become the Forbidden City. Construction lasted 15 years, and required more than a million workers.Material used include whole logs of precious Phoebe zhennan wood (Chinese: 楠木) found in the