届概要写作指导.pptVIP

概要写作考查三大主要能力： 即阅读理解能力,总结归纳段落大意(要点)的能力和要点间有效衔接的能力。 具体来讲,要求考生具有抓关键词的能力,简化长句的能力,释义的能力。 在阅读原材料基础上，需要用自己的语言概括转述原文内容要点,而不是复述原文。 表达力求要简洁。概要写作是一篇独立的短文(不分段） 评分标准：1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；3.上下文的连贯性； 4.对各要点表达的独立性情况。 概要写作课堂指导一 概要写作首先要掌握各种文体的写作特点和框架。 记叙文：what / who / when / where / why / how 议论文：opinion / idea + argument (supporting ideas / reasons) 说明文：phenomenon / problem + reason + solution (cause and effect), introduction of an object (how it is made, how it is used, how it may change, what makes it new or significant) 新闻： a focus on the first paragraph and the first and last sentences of the other paragraphs Step1: 仔细阅读短文： 读出文章的体裁、题材和文章结构： 议论文,主要讨论不同时期人们对待污垢的态度有所不同 1.The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ______. A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease 2: What is Henry IVs attitude to bathing? A．Afraid. C. Approving. B．Curious. D. Uninterested. C A 3. How does the passage mainly develop? A. By providing examples. B.. By making comparisons. C By following the order of time. D. By following the order of importance. 4．What is the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To stress the role of dirt. C. To call attention to the danger of dirt. B. To introduce the history of dirt. D. To present the change of views on dirt. c D Step2: 划出各段的主题句 1 ) However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 2 ) In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease 3 ) Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. 4 ) Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourag