2017年初三英语中考备考词汇用法.doc

1．beat (n)敲击，跳动 (vt)打，输 beaten track 常规；惯例；被踩出来的路 辨析beat和win的用法：① beat表示“在战斗中战胜对手，宾语是人，不是物”。beat后接运动员、球队或对手等。例如：I can beat you at chess . ② beat意为“胜于，击败”。例：He is going to beat the world record . ③ win战胜，因赢，它的宾语是物，如比赛，战争。win后接“a game, a war, a watch, a prize”等。例：The boy won the first prize in contest . I can always beat him at chess. Which team win the football match? We beat them by score 2 to 1. [辨析beat; hit; strike的用法：这三个词都有打；击；敲的意思，但仔细分辩，还是有其各自的用法。 beat 表示连续不断地打击；尤其指心脏的跳动。 ● beat sb in the chest ● beat…to death ● to beat a drum敲鼓 hit表示撞击（尤指一次性的）或命中（目标）。而strike除了与hit同义外，还可以理解为划（火柴）；给人深刻印象等。 如：The man looked dead but his heart was still beating.这个人看上去已经死了，可心脏还在跳动。He hit the ball so hard that it went over the wall.他使劲地击球，结果球越过了墙。 I have some _________ to do this afternoon. A. shop B. shops C. shopping D. a shop He ____ his opponent in the game at last. A. beat B. beated C. beaten D. was beating 2．fame (n)名声；名气；声誉 famous (adj)出名的；著名的 be famous/ known for因/以……而著名（for后接出名的原因） be famous/ known as作为……而出名/著名(接职务、身份或地位等名词) be famous/ known to对……来说出名 比较：be famous as ; be famous for ;be famous to和 be famous at 的用法： 【一】以“地方”做主语：be famous for 表示“以某种特产而‘闻名’著名，出名”，famous 相当于well-known be famous as 表示“以什么样的产地或地方而出名”。eg: Hangzhou is famous _________ producing silk in China . A. from B. at C. in D. for ● The area is famous as a green tea producing place.这个地区是生产绿茶的地区。 【二】以“人物”做主语： be famous for 表示 “某人以某种知识，技能或特征出名” ● Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity . 爱因斯坦以他的相对论而闻名。 be famous as表示“某人以某种身份出名”。如： Einstein was famous as a great scientist .【注意】：be famous for 后的介词宾语是主语的所属内容. be famous as 后的介词宾语与主语是同位成分。 be famous to sb 对某人来说是著名的… be famous at （= be good at（擅长））= do well in 在…方面做得好/表现出色。（反义词）be no good at (do badly in)“ 在……方面做得很差”。E.g: Egypt is famous for its grand pyramids. She is famous as a writer. Tom did badly in the foot ball match. Qingdao is famous for its beautiful scenery. Lu xun is famous/ known