编·初中英语语法时态总结归纳.docVIP

初中英语语法·时态归纳 语法归纳：一般现在时 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 　 其动词形式是：动词原形(只有第三人称单数作主语时除外，要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does 1) 肯定句用动词原形 　　They get up very early every morning. 他们每天早晨起来很早。 　　2) 否定句用don’t + 动词原形 　　We do not go shopping on Sundays. 我们周日不去购物。 　　3) 一般疑问句 　　–Do they go to school at seven o’clock? 他们七点去上学吗? --Yes, they do.　--No, they don’t. 时间：often 经常，always 总是，sometimes 有时，usually 通常，on Sundaysevery day/ week/ morning每天/ 周等。 　　时间一般现在时 如：He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学。 　　I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母。 　　My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭。 　　当主语为第三人称单数一般现在时态，谓语动词也要是第三人称单数，后要加-s或-es。 　　He likes reading at night. 他喜欢夜里读书。 　　She usually goes to school by bike. 她平时骑车上学。 　　The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶。 　　转换成否定句要加doesn’t，其后的动词用原形。 　Kelly doesn’t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 凯丽星期六星期天起床不早。 　　转换成一般疑问句，句首用Does，其后的动词用原形。 　　 Does he have lunch at school? 他在学校吃午饭吗? 　　+s +ing +ed s,x,ch,sh,o结尾 +es +ing +ed 辅音字母+y结尾 y→i,+es +ing y→i,+ed 重读闭音节一元一辅结尾 +s 双写辅音字母,+ing 双写辅音字母,+ed 不发音的e结尾 +s 去掉e,+ing +d ie结尾 +s ie→y,+ing +d 不规则变化 have→has；be→is (无) (见下面的不规则动词变化表) 注意：①在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写。 ②ed的读音规则：在清辅音后读[t]；在浊辅音后和元音后读[d]；在[t]、[d]后读[id]. ③s/es的读音规则：在清辅音后读[s]；在浊辅音后和元音后读[z]；在[ s ]、[ F]、[z]、[tF]、[dV]后读[iz]. (2)不规则动词变化表：( 原形 → 过去式 → 过去分词) be(am,is) was been lose lost lost be(are) were been make made made beat beat beaten may might become became become mean meant meant begin began begun meet met met blow blew blown mistake mistook mistaken break broke broken must must bring brought brought pay paid paid build built built put put put buy bought bought read read Read can could ride rode ridden catch caught caught ring rang rung choose chose chosen rise rose risen come came come run ran run cost cost cost say said said cut cut cut see saw seen dig dug dug sell sold sold do did done send sent sent draw drew drawn set set set drink