作業風險管理及安全管理體系 - 開南大學(PPT-86).pptVIP

作業風險管理(ORM) 及 安全管理體系(SMS) ?風險的定義 ?作業風險管理發展背景　 ?作業風險管理四大原則 ?作業風險管理步驟 ?飛安與安全管理体系(SMS) 風險的定義(一) ?風險(RISK)的定義(英文)：　 風險的定義(二) ?風險(Risk)的定義(中國文字之美) 風險的定義(三) ?安全(Safety)：無危為安；無損為全；遠離危險。 風險的定義(四) 作業風險管理發展背景(一) ?人類自有記載的歷史以來，先祖們的求生經歷就充滿著風險。　 1940年代以前Fly → Fix → Fly Trial–and –error 從試行或錯誤中學習及改進。 1960年代制訂MIL-STD-882(DOD,NASA)規範。 1962年USAF(飛彈系統安全規範） 1963年成立System Safety Society。 1966年成立MIL-S-381308A規範。 1970年 DOD,NASA,AEC(原委會）發展MORT (Management Oversight Tree) 2004年由USFAA制訂 System Safety Management Program (SSMP, Order 8040.4) ?作業風險管理是一種連續性的程序，在加強執行績效與擴大績效時，設計用以偵測(Detect)、評估(Assess)及控制(Control)風險。 “Operational Risk” The consequence of a hazard, measured in terms of Probability and Severity Operational Risk Assessment Matrix( ALARP ) SMS is a “System” that Integrates … SMS – ICAO new requirements(November 2006) States shall establish a safety programme, in order to achieve an acceptable level of safety in: …the operation of aircraft; …the maintenance of aircraft; …the provision of air traffic services (ATS); …aerodrome operations. The acceptable level of safety to be achieved shall be established by the State (s) concerned. SMS – ICAO new requirements(November 2006) Definitions Safety programme – An integrated set of regulations and actives aimed at improving safety. Safety management system – A systemic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures. SMS – ICAO new requirements(November 2006) Definition Acceptable level of safety thus becomes a reference against which the oversight authority, the aviation community and the public can measure safety performance. SMS – ICAO new requirements(November 2006) States shall require, as part of their safety programme, that an operator (maintenance organization, ATS, certified aerodrome operator) implements a safety management system approved by the state that , as a minimum: a) identifies actual and potential safety hazard; b) ensur