西瓜砧木苗的内播入消毒催芽法.docVIP

西瓜砧木苗的内播入消毒催芽法 一、嫁接前的准备工作 A, the preparing work before grafting 　　营养土的配制。选中上肥力土壤,经适量敌磺钠消毒后,按2∶1比例与腐熟的堆厩肥混合均匀,配制成肥力适中、结构疏松、吸热保湿性好的营养土,分装于营养钵内。 The configuration of the nutritional soil. Selected on the fertility of soil, the appropriate enemy sulfonic sodium after disinfection, according to the proportion of 2:1 and the pile of rotten manure mixed evenly, mixture with good sex of moderate fertility, loose structure, heat absorbing moisture nutritional soil, the partial shipments within the block. 　　砧穗的培育。选择成活率高,抗旱耐涝,不死苗,对果实品质无不良影响的优质砧木种子。做砧木的瓜类主要是瓠瓜,也可用南瓜、葫芦。种子经消毒催芽后,按每穴1粒播入苗床营养钵内,播期比常规播期提早5～10天。砧木苗刚出土时,于无毒苗床内播入消毒催芽的西瓜种子,当砧木第一片真叶全展,西瓜两子叶展平时,开始嫁接。 Anvil grain cultivation. Choose the survival rate is high, the drought waterlogging resistance, undead blade, had no adverse effect on fruit quality of high quality wood seed. Scion of melons are mainly suitable for the melon, pumpkin gourd, is also available. Seed sterilization after sprouting, per cavity 1 grain into the seedbed furthermore, sowing date 5 ~ 10 days earlier than conventional planting. Root stock MiaoGang unearthed, with non-toxic seedbed in the information into the disinfection sprouting melon seeds, first when the stock really Ye Quan exhibition, exhibition of watermelon two cotyledons at ordinary times, began to grafting. 　　苗床土选择。要选择温光条件好,排水方便,土层深厚的菜园土。 Seedbed soil. Choose sowing conditions good, convenient drainage, soil deep vegetable garden soil. 　　瓠瓜播种。可按行距8厘米、株距5厘米定向播种,以便培育壮苗和嫁接。瓠瓜和西瓜均采用地膜矮拱棚覆盖育苗。 Panhu melon seeds. According to 8 cm spacing, directional planting distance of 5 cm sowing seeds, for cultivating strong seedling and grafting. Panhu melon and watermelon all use plastic film covered short GongPeng seedling. 　　二、嫁接方法 Second, grafting method 　　1. 插接法。将砧木顶心摘除,用直径小于砧木胚轴直径的带尖竹签,从砧木顶心处正中向下插入0.5厘米深度,再将西瓜苗自子叶叶下0.5～1厘米胚轴处削成圆尖形,把竹签自砧木中拔出后立即将接穗(西瓜苗)插入、插紧,使接穗与砧木的子叶紧紧交叉呈“十”字形。注意接穗插入砧木时不要使胚轴裂开;砧木、接穗苗都必须是第一真叶展开期。此法优点是嫁接速度快,成活率高,不需固定物,接口高,病菌难侵染。嫁接后10天除去遮光物,秧苗接口即愈合转入正常生长,嫁接成活率可达75%～95%。 靠(舌)接法。将砧木顶心