世界水日 水和能源.pptxVIP

2014年 世界水日水与能源;2;地球 就是个极大的水球 ;想象过 没有水的世界吗？;世界水日的设立; An international day to celebrate freshwater was recommended at the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), held in Rio, Brazil. The United Nations General Assembly responded by designating 22 March 1993 as the first World Water Day, and it has been held annually since then. Each year, a specific aspect of water is highlighted. International World Water Day is held every year on 22 March to focus global attention on the importance of water and advocating for the sustainable management of our water resources.;2014年世界水日主题 —— 水与能源;World Water Day 2014: Water and Energy;9;10;? 全球7.8亿人无法获得安全的饮用水 。? 自上世纪80年代起，淡水抽取以1 ％的数量每年递增 。? 据统计，到2050年，水资源需求将增长44%，主要源于不断增长的热发电（燃煤和天然气供电的增加），农业和生活用水。? 地下水开采率由原来每年1 ％提升到2 ％ 。近期数据表明，地下水供应正在减少，据估计，世界约有20 ％地下水被过度开发，并且有些地区非常严重。? 海水淡化每年至少需要75.2亿千瓦时，约占全球电力消耗的0.4 ％。;? 780 million people lack access to safe drinking water. ? Total freshwater withdrawals are believed to have increased by about 1% per year since the late 1980’s. ? Water demand in terms of water withdrawals is projected to increase by some 44% by 2050 due to growing demands from manufacturing, thermal power generation (mainly from the expansion of coal and gas powered plants), agriculture and domestic use. ? The rate of groundwater abstraction is increasing by 1% to 2% per year. Recent evidence has shown that groundwater supplies are diminishing, with an estimated 20% of the world’s aquifers being over-exploited, and some massively so. ? Desalinated water involves the use of at least 75.2 TWh/year, which is about 0.4% of global electricity consumption. ? It is estimated that more than 80% of used water worldwide – and up to 90% in developing countries – is neither collected nor treated, threatening human and environmental health. ;? 目前13亿人仍生活在无电区，约26亿人使用固体燃料（主要是生物能）做饭。? 到2035年，能源需求将超过目前的三分之一，其中70 ％来源于电力。; ? 1.3 billion people currently live without electricity, and rou