氨氮对泥鳅的急性毒性及对其肝、鳃组织超微结构的影响 郝小凤，刘洋 .docVIP

氨氮对泥鳅的急性毒性及对其肝、鳃组织超微结构的影响 郝小凤，刘洋，凌去非 （苏州大学水产研究所，江苏 苏州 215123） 摘要：通过急性毒试验胁迫试验氨氮急性毒试验结果表明：在水温2±1℃，pH 8.±0.1，溶氧6.5±0.5 mg·L-1时，水中氨氮浓度越高，泥鳅的死亡率越高，其96总氨浓度（TAN）为164.4 mg·L-1，非离子氨(NH+4-N)浓度为2.22 mg·L-1。胁迫试验21d后出现不同程度的变化。其中，50和150 mg·L-1浓度组鳃丝表面出现分泌物，细胞水肿；250 mg·L-1浓度组鳃丝表面分泌物增加，鳃小片聚拢，上皮细胞水肿加剧；450 mg·L-1浓度组鳃上皮坏死。泥鳅肝脏细胞超微结构在不同氨氮浓度下也出现不同程度的损伤：50和150 mg·L-1浓度组肝脏细胞线粒体扭曲变形，细胞核变形，核膜肿胀；250 mg·L-1浓度组肝脏细胞结构遭到严重破坏，肝细胞胞浆空泡化，残存细胞器的结构不完整；450 mg·L-1浓度组出现大量肝脏细胞凋亡。随着氨氮胁迫浓度的不断升高，鳃组织和肝细胞超微结构的受损程度逐渐严重，且损伤不可逆转。 关键词：泥鳅氨氮胁迫肝鳃超微结构 ______________________ 基金项目：江苏省科技厅项目（BE2009334）；苏州市科技局项目（SNG0822）。 通讯作者：凌去非，1965年生，男，博士，副教授。E-mail: Lingqf@；刘洋，1985年生，女，硕士，助工，主要从事水生生物学研究。E-mail:yang441966875@ 作者简介：郝小凤，1987年生，女，硕士研究生，主要从事水生生物学研究。E-mail: haoxiaofeng@163.com Acute Toxicological Testing of Ammonia Nitrogen and Effects of Ammonia-N Stress on the Structures of Gills and Liver of Loach HAO Xiao-feng, LIU Yang, LING Qu-fei (Fisheries Research Institute of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou 215123) Abstract: To provide scientific theoretical basis for water quality management during loach breeding, the acute toxicity and stress of ammonia nitrogen on the loach, and the ultrastructure of loach’s liver and gill were studied. Acute toxicity test results showed that under water temperature 25±1℃, pH 8.1±0.1, dissolved oxygen 6.5±0.5 mg·L-1, the higher the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in water, the higher the mortality of loach. The ammonia concentration (TAN) and nonionic ammonia (NH+4-N) concentration of 96 h-LC50 respectively are 164.4 mg.L-1 and 2.22 mg.L-1. The stress test results showed that with the ammonia concentration increased, loach gills appeared different levels of injuries after 21d. In 50 mg·L -1 and 150 mg·L -1 groups, the gills of loach appeared secretions and cells edema. In 250 mg·L-1 group，secretion on surface of gill filaments, gill lamellae gathered together and edema of epithelia cells was sharpen. In 450 mg·L -1 group, there was cell necrosis of gills. The ultrastructure of loach liv