桥梁支座的作用和要求（Function and requirement of bridge support）.docVIP

桥梁支座的作用和要求（Function and requirement of bridge support） First, the role and requirements of bridge bearings The support is arranged between the upper structure and the pier of the bridge, it is the role of: (1) transfer the supporting counterforce of the superstructure, including vertical and horizontal forces caused by dead load and live load; (2) the structure can be freely deformed under the conditions of live load, temperature change, concrete shrinkage and creep, so that the actual stress condition of the upper and lower structures conforms to the static schema of the structure. Two. Classification of bridge supports 1. the possibility of its displacement Fixed support Movable support The stationary supports transmit vertical forces and horizontal forces, allowing the superstructure to rotate freely at the supports but not horizontally; The movable support transmits only vertical forces, allowing the upper structure to rotate freely and horizontally. The movable support can be divided into a multidirectional movable support (both vertically and horizontally freely moving) and a one-way movable support (only one direction can move freely). , 2., according to material points Simple support Steel support Reinforced concrete support Rubber bearing Special bearings (such as shock absorber bearings, tension bearings, etc.) Three, the layout principle of bridge support (1) the slope of bridge structure, easy to be fixed in the low elevation bearing arrangement on the pier (2) for continuous beam bridge and continuous beam bridge deck, to make both ends of longitudinal deformation full beam dispersed in the beam, it should be fixed support provided near the bridge center; but if the pier is high or middle fulcrum due to ground stress, is very unfavorable to the level of force to bear, according to the specific the fixed support arranged on the other side of the pier. (3) for a wide beam bridge, movable bearings which are movable along both longitudinal and transverse di