新生儿护理（Neonatal care）.docVIP

新生儿护理（Neonatal care） Normal neonatal standard: 38--42 weeks, weight 2500--4000 grams, about 50 cm long, mature organs, after birth will laugh, ruddy skin, limbs strong, there are feeding, sucking reflex, light and sound response. Physiological characteristics of the newborn: 1. Respiratory system: Shallow breathing, premature infants, irregular, 40--60 times / minute, irregular rhythm, abdominal breathing mainly. The respiratory rhythm increases during fever, and the nares flaps when pneumonia is present. (adult 18--20 times / min) 2, circulatory system: The heart rate is fast, 120--140 times per minute, and 160 times per minute after crying. 3. Urinary system: 24 hours after birth, urination accounted for 93%, if 48 hours should be no urine, find a doctor to check the cause (urethral atresia). In the early days of the newborn, the urine is about 4--5 times a day, and gradually increased, reaching 20--30 times 6 months ago. Neonatal urine color is darker and slightly cloudy, infants are colorless and transparent, for a period of time there is obvious ammonia odor. 4, the digestive system: The swallowing function has been improved, the level of gastric cardia of stomach was loose, mouth, pylorus mouth, after 24 hours of defecation, 2-3 days after 24 hours if the exhaust, defecation, should observe whether there is anal atresia. 5 weight: At birth, the average weight is about 3000 grams, the full moon at least increased 800--1000 grams, 3 months weight is 2 times the birth rate, 1 years old weight should be 3 times the birth time, 2 years old should be 4 times the birth time. 6, body length: Born at an average of about 50 centimeters, 1--6 months, an increase of 16--17 cm, an average growth of 2 per month. 5 centimeters. 1--12 months, an average increase of 1 centimeters. Deviations are normal for 30%. 7, body temperature: Neonatal body temperature regulation ability, students after the temperature dropped to 35 degrees after return to normal, 12--24 should be up to 3