北京地区杏树冰核活性细菌种类及其消长动态规律的研究-矿业科学学报.DOC

北京地区杏树冰核活性细菌种类及其消长动态规律的研究 赵荣艳1，2，徐 曼1， 付占芳3， 孙福在4，李松涛3，杨建民5，李绍华1 （1中国科学院植物研究所，北京 100093；2河南科技学院，新乡 453003；3北京市林业局果树产业处，北京100029；4中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，北京 100094； 5河北农业大学园林与旅游学院，保定071001） 摘要：【目的】弄清冰核活性细菌（INA细菌）在杏树上分布种类及分布与年消长动态规律，对于通过防治INA细菌防御杏树晚霜冻害具有重要的意义。【方法】对北京杏主产区27个杏栽培品种及山杏进行调查，采用形态及生理生化方法进行种类鉴定，采用小液滴冻结法测定冰核活性。【结果】共分离到22株-5℃有活性INA细菌菌株，被确定为2个属中的3个种： 假单胞菌丁香致病变种（Pseudomonas syringae pv.syringae）10株，占45.5%；成团泛生菌（Pantoea agglomerans）9株，占40.9%；凤梨泛生菌噬夏孢子致病变种（Pantoea ananas pv.uredovora）3株，占13.6%。成团泛生菌为杏树上首次发现的INA细菌，‘玉巴达’杏树上的INA细菌（P. agglomerans）数量分布存在3个高峰期：花期（3月末至4月初）、果实发育期（5至6月初）、越冬初期（12月），夏秋季及寒冬难以分离到INA细菌。【结论】INA细菌分布数量与杏树所处地理位置及生态条件有关，杏不同器官上分离到的INA细菌的频率也存在差异。 关键词：冰核细菌；杏；鉴定；消长动态；霜冻 Ice-Nucleation-Active Bacterial Species and Their Dynamics in Beijing’s Apricot Trees ZHAO Rong-yan1，2XU Man1, FU Zhan-fang3, SUN Fu-zai4, LI Song-tao3, YANG Jian-min5, LI Shao-hua1 (1Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093; 2Department of Plant protection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003; 3Municipal Forestry office, Beijing 100029; 4Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094; 5College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001) Abstract：【Objective】 For prevention of frost damage to apricot trees, iimportant to investigate the species of ice nucleation active bacteria (INA bacteria) and their distribution and dynamics throughout the whole year. Method】The species of INA bacteria and their distribution were studied on 27 apricot cultivars of Prunus armeniaca and on P. ansuDynamics throughout the whole year were investigated on ‘Yubada’ in an orchard in Haidian District. The species of INA bacteria were identified based on their morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Ice nucleation activity was determined by a droplet freezing assay. Suspensions of 48 h cultures were made with ice nucleus-free sterile distilled water and adjusted spectr