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deadly partners interdependence of alcohol and trauma in the clinical setting致命伴侣相互依赖酒精和创伤的临床设置.pdf

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deadly partners interdependence of alcohol and trauma in the clinical setting致命伴侣相互依赖酒精和创伤的临床设置

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 6, 3097-3104; doi:10.3390/ijerph6123097 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ISSN 1660-4601 /journal/ijerph Review Deadly Partners: Interdependence of Alcohol and Trauma in the Clinical Setting 1 2, Amanda V. Hayman and Marie L. Crandall * 1 Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 East Huron St., Galter 3-150, Chicago, IL 60611-2950, USA; E-Mail: a-hayman@ 2 Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. St. Clair, Suite 650, Chicago, IL 60611, USA * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: macranda@; Tel.: +1-312-695-4835; Fax: +1-312-695-3644. Received: 23 October 2009 / Accepted: 2 December 2009 / Published: 4 December 2009 Abstract: Trauma is the leading cause of death for Americans aged 1 to 45. Over a third of all fatal motor vehicle collisions and nearly eighty percent of completed suicides involve alcohol. Alcohol can be both a cause of traumatic injury as well as a confounding factor in the diagnosis and treatment of the injured patient. Fortunately, brief interventions after alcohol-related traumatic