cost benefit analysis of using clean energy supplies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of global automotive manufacturing成本效益分析的使用清洁能源供应减少温室气体排放的全球汽车制造业.pdfVIP

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cost benefit analysis of using clean energy supplies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of global automotive manufacturing成本效益分析的使用清洁能源供应减少温室气体排放的全球汽车制造业.pdf

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cost benefit analysis of using clean energy supplies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of global automotive manufacturing成本效益分析的使用清洁能源供应减少温室气体排放的全球汽车制造业

Energies 2011, 4, 1478-1494; doi:10.3390/en4101478 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 /journal/energies Article Cost Benefit Analysis of Using Clean Energy Supplies to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Global Automotive Manufacturing Qiang Zhai 1, Huajun Cao 2, Xiang Zhao 3 and Chris Yuan 1,* 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA; E-Mail: qzhai@ 2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; E-Mail: hjcao@ 3 Manufacturing Systems Research Lab, Global Research and Development, General Motors Company, Warren, MI 48090, USA; E-Mail: xiang.zhao@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: cyuan@; Tel.: +1-414-229-5639; Fax: +1-414-229-6958. Received: 14 July 2011; in revised form: 19 September 2011 / Accepted: 22 September 2011 / Published: 28 September 2011 Abstract: Automotive manufacturing is energy-intensive. The consumed energy contributes to the generation of significant amounts of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by the automotive manufacturing industry. In this paper, a study is conducted on assessing the application potential of such clean energy power systems as solar PV, wind and fuel cells in reducing the GHG emissions of the global auto manufacturing industry. The study is conducted on the representative solar PV, wind and fuel cell clean energy systems available on the commercial market in si