cork composites a review软木复合材料进行审查.pdfVIP

Materials 2009, 2, 776-789; doi:10.3390/ma2030776 OPEN ACCESS materials ISSN 1996-1944 /journal/materials Review Cork Composites: A Review Luís Gil Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovação, I.P., Unidade de Tecnologia da Cortiça, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mail: luis.gil@ineti.pt; Tel. +351210924757; Fax: + 351217166939 Received: 22 May 2009; in revised form: 1 July 2009 / Accepted: 15 July 2009 / Published: 16 July 2009 Abstract: Cork is a material which has been used for mankind for the last 5,000 years and it is a strategic material used for multiple applications, from wine bottles to aeronautics. Many of current cork materials are composites, in particular cork materials for floor and wall coverings and several other building and industrial applications. Recent developments in cork research have shifted from the classical cork-wine relationship to quality and environmental issues, exploitation of cork industry residues and new cork based materials. In recent years a number of new cork based composite materials were developed. Keywords: cork; composites; cork agglomerates; cork applications 1. Introduction Cork is the suberous covering (suberose parenchyma, or bark) of the species Quercus Suber L., commonly known as the cork oak. It is composed of an aggregate of cells, about 42 million per cubic centimeter, which have five wall layers. Cork is one of the most versatile natural raw materials known. Cork is a very lightweight mat