biology of human cutaneous melanoma人类皮肤的黑色素瘤的生物学.pdfVIP

Cancers 2010, 2, 165-189; doi:10.3390/cancers2010165 OPEN ACCESS cancers ISSN 2072-6694 /journal/cancers Review Biology of Human Cutaneous Melanoma Elias G. Elias *, Joanne H. Hasskamp and Bhuvnesh K. Sharma Maryland Melanoma Center, Weinberg Cancer Institute, Franklin Square Hospital Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; E-Mails: joanne.hass kamp@ (J.H.H.); bhuvnesh.sharma@ (B.K.S.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: george.elias@ (E.G.E.); Tel.: +1-443-777-7912; Fax: +1-443-777-6311. Received: 28 January 2010; in revised form: 4 March 2010 / Accepted: 9 March 2010 / Published: 12 March 2010 Abstract: A review of the natural behavior of cutaneous melanoma, clinical and pathological factors, prognostic indicators, some basic research and the present and possible futuristic strategies in the management of this disease are presented. While surgery remains to be the most effective therapeutic approach in the management of early primary lesions, there is no standard adjuvant therapy after surgical resection, or for metastatic disease. Keywords: biology; cutaneous; melanoma; therapeutic approaches 1. Introduction Melanoma consists of a heterogeneous group of tumor cells that vary greatly in their malignant potential. Biologic variability and unpredictable behavior may reflect on its management and end results. We are presenting current clinical and biological facts as well as past and future therapeutic approaches. 2. Clinical-Pathological Facts 2.1. Prognostic Factors Surgery r