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Targeting Antibody Responses to the Membrane Proximal External Region of the Envelope Glycoprotein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 1 1 1 Donatien Kamdem Toukam , Matthias Tenbusch , Alexander Stang , Vladimir Temchura , 1 1 2 3 Michael Storcksdieck genannt Bonsmann , Bastian Grewe , Stefanie Koch , Andreas Meyerhans , 4 5 ¨ 1 Godwin Nchinda , Lazare Kaptue , Klaus Uberla * 1 Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany, 2 Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Sulzbach, Germany, 3 ICREA Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain, 4 Laboratory of Immunology, The ´ Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB), Yaounde, Cameroon, 5 Institut Superieur des Sciences de la ´ ´ ´ Sante, Universite des Montagnes, Bangante, Cameroon Abstract Although human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) infection induces strong antibody responses to the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) only a few of these antibodies possess the capacity to neutralize a broad range of strains. The induction of such antibodies represents an important goal in the development of a preventive vaccine against the infection. Among the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies discovered so far, three (2F5, Z13 and 4E10) targ