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suicide in the world世界上自杀.pdf

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suicide in the world世界上自杀

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2012, 9, 760-771; doi:10.3390/ijerph9030760 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ISSN 1660-4601 /journal/ijerph Article Suicide in the World Peeter Värnik 1,2 1 Estonian-Swedish Mental Health and Suicidology Institute, Oie 39, Tallinn 11615, Estonia; E-Mail: peeterv@suicidology.ee 2 Estonian Institute for Population Studies, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 25, Tallinn 10120, Estonia Received: 2 February 2012; in revised form: 13 February 2012 / Accepted: 22 February 2012 / Published: 2 March 2012 Abstract: Introduction : Over the past 20 years the WHO has considerably improved world mortality data. There are still shortcomings but more countries now report data and world-wide estimates are regularly made. Methods : Data about mortality have been retrieved from the WHO world database. Worldwide injury mortality estimates for 2008 as well as trends of the suicide rate from 1950 to 2009 were analysed. Results : Suicides in the world amount to 782 thousand in 2008 according to the WHO estimate, which is 1.4% of total mortality and 15% of injury mortality. The suicide rate for the world as a whole is estimated at 11.6 per 100,000 inhabitants. The male–female rate ratio o