structure based antibody-like peptidomimetics基于结构的抗体样peptidomimetics.pdfVIP

Pharmaceuticals 2012, 5, 209-235; doi:10.3390/ph5020209 OPEN ACCESS Pharmaceuticals ISSN 1424-8247 /journal/pharmaceuticals Review Structure Based Antibody-Like Peptidomimetics Ramachandran Murali 1,2,* and Mark I. Greene 2,* 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, D5091 Davis Building, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA 2 Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: muralir@ (R.M.); greene@ (M.I.G.); Tel.: +1-3 10-248-7681 (R.M.); +1-215-898-2847 (M.I.G.). Received: 16 December 2011; in revised form: 17 January 2012 / Accepted: 19 January 2012 / Published: 16 February 2012 Abstract: Biologics such as monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and soluble receptors represent new classes of therapeutic agents for treatment of several diseases. High affinity and high specificity biologics can be utilized for variety of clinical purposes. Monoclonal antibodies have been used as diagnostic agents when coupled with radionuclide, immune modulatory agents or in the treatment of cancers. Among other limitations of using large molecules for therapy the actual cost of biologics has become an issue. There is an effort among chemists and biologists to reduce the size of biologics which includes monoclonal antibodies and receptors without a reduction of biological efficacy. Single chain antibody, camel antibodies, Fv fragments are examples of this type of deconstructive process. Small hi