危重烧伤患者入院初期护理工作量及其影响因素探究.docVIP

危重烧伤患者入院初期护理工作量及其影响因素探究 　【摘要】 目的 分析危重烧伤患者入院1～5天的护理工作量及其影响因素，为危重烧伤病房护理人力配备提供理论依据。方法 对烧伤住院治疗的133例危重烧伤患者入院1～5 天的护理时数进行统计，分析影响护理工作量的因素。结果 危重烧伤患者入院1～5天，除第4、5天之间的护理时数分值差异无统计学意义外(Pgt;0.05)，其余各天之间护理时数分值差异均有统计学意义(Plt;0.01);烧伤总面积、吸入性损伤严重程度、头面烧伤、手烧伤和浅Ⅱ度烧伤是影响危重烧伤患者入院1～5天护理时数分值的因素。结论 危重烧伤患者入院1～5天，以第l天护理工作量最大，其后随入院天数的增加而逐日递减，至第4、5天趋于平稳;其中烧伤总面积大、吸人性损伤程度重、有头面烧伤、手烧伤者护理工作量大，需加大护理人力配备，而浅Ⅱ度烧伤面积大者，护理工作量轻，可相应减少人力。 【关键词】 烧伤 ; 护理工作量 ; 影响因素 　　Abstract Objective To analyze the workload in nursing patients with severe burns at the early phase of admission and the influential factors so as to provide theoretic basis for nursing staff arrangement.Methods A statistic study was made to the nursing time for 133 cases with severe burn in the first 5 days after admission and the influential factors on nursing time were analyzed.Result There existed statistical differences of the day nursing time in the first 3 days after admission (Plt;0.01) while that in the 4th and 5th day was of no statistical difference (Plt;0.05); the total burn surface area, the severe degree of inhalation injury, burns in head, hand and facial area and superficial II°burns were the influential factors on nursing time in the first 5 days of the patients with severe burns after admission.Conclusions The nursing time in the first day of the patients with severe burns after admission is more than that in each of the following 4 days; with the day increase of hospitalization, the nursing time decreases; more nursing staff should be arranged for patients with large total surface area of burns, or with severe inhalation injury, or with burns in head, hand or facial area while less for patients with superficial II°burns. 　　KEYWORDS burns nursing time influential factors 　　危重烧伤是指烧伤总面积30%以上和/或Ⅲ度烧伤面积在10%以上，伴有严重合并伤、并发症者;或烧伤面积虽未达上述标准，但系易中毒的化学品烧伤，电接触伤，一氧化碳中毒烧伤特别深，或放射性烧伤深且会有全身放射病者[1]。在战时和平时的空难、火灾、矿难以及恐怖事件中，都可见散在或成批的危重烧伤患者。由于危重烧伤患者伤后早期各类治疗处置多，护理工作量大，需要的护理人力多[1，2]，而烧伤专科护理人员又相对短缺[3，4]，因此，对此类患者的护理工作量进行调查分析，指导护理人员合理配备，对提高危重烧伤患者的救治成