age-related expansion of tim-3 expressing t cells in vertically hiv-1 infected children与年龄相关的垂直tim-3表达t细胞的扩张hiv - 1感染孩子.pdfVIP

Age-Related Expansion of Tim-3 Expressing T Cells in Vertically HIV-1 Infected Children 1 3 2 2 4 Ravi Tandon *, Maria T. M. Giret , Devi SenGupta , Vanessa A. York , Andrew A. Wiznia , 4 3 1. 2. Michael G. Rosenberg , Esper G. Kallas , Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu , Douglas F. Nixon 1 Hawaii Center for AIDS, Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America, 2 Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 3 Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, ˜ ˜ University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 4 Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America Abstract As perinatally HIV-1-infected children grow into adolescents and young adults, they are increasingly burdened with the long-term consequences of chronic HIV-1 infection, with long-term morbidity due to inadequate immunity. In progressive HIV-1 infection in horizontally infected adults, inflammation, T cell activation, and perturbed T cell differentiation lead to an ‘‘immune exhaustion’’, with decline in T cell effector functions. T effector cells develop an increased expression of CD57 and loss of CD28, with an increase in co-inhibitory receptors such as PD-1 and Tim-3. Very little is known about HIV-1 induced T cell dysfunction in vertical infection. In two perinatally antiretroviral drug treated HIV-1-infected groups with median ages of 11.2 yr and 18.5 yr, matched for viral load, we found no difference in the