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a model of nonsingular universe一个非奇异的宇宙模型
Entropy 2012, 14, 1296-1305; doi:10.3390/
OPEN ACCESS
entropy
ISSN 1099-4300
/journal/entropy
Article
A Model of Nonsingular Universe
Changjun Gao
The National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
E-Mail: gaocj@
Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
Received: 19 April 2012; in revised form: 4 June 2012 / Accepted: 13 June 2012 /
Published: 23 July 2012
Abstract: In the background of Friedmann–Robertson–Walker Universe, there exists
Hawking radiation which comes from the cosmic apparent horizon due to quantum effect.
Although the Hawking radiation on the late time evolution of the universe could be safely
neglected, it plays an important role in the very early stage of the universe. In view
of this point, we identify the temperature in the scalar field potential with the Hawking
temperature of cosmic apparent horizon. Then we find a nonsingular universe sourced by
the temperature-dependent scalar field. We find that the universe could be created from a de
Sitter phase which has the Planck energy density. Thus the Big-Bang singularity is avoided.
Keywords: Hawking temperature; scalar field; nonsingular universe
1. Introduction
The standard model of cosmology claims that the primordial Universe was in a hot, dense, and
highly curved state which is very close to the Big-Bang singularity [ 1]. The cosmic energy density, the
temperature and other physical qu
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