小儿腹泻补夜（Pediatric diarrhea night supplement）.docVIP

小儿腹泻补夜（Pediatric diarrhea night supplement） 10. children with diarrhea when oral rehydration salts (ORS solution) of the electrolyte osmotic pressure is the liquid containing sodium A. 1 / 4 B. 1 / 3 C. 2 / 5 D. 1 / 2 E. 2 / 3 Answer: E (2): intravenous infusion for moderate or severe dehydration or vomiting and diarrhea in children. 1) rehydration on the first day: The total cumulative loss, including: supplement to loss and physiological requirements, generally mild dehydration is about 90 ~ 120ml / kg, moderate dehydration is about 120 ~ 150ml / kg, severe dehydration is about 150 ~ 180mL / kg, on a small number of malnutrition, heart, lung, renal dysfunction and other diseases children should be calculated in detail respectively according to the specific condition; The solution: type of electrolyte and non electrolyte solution ratio should be based on the dewatering properties (such as permeability, low permeability, high permeability) were selected, the general isotonic dehydration in 1 / 2 (2: 3: 1 liquid) fluid containing sodium, dehydration with 2 / 3 low permeability (4: 3 Zhang Han: 2) liquid sodium solution, hypertonic dehydration with 1 / 3 solution containing sodium. If there is any difficulty in judging the nature of dehydration, the isotonic dehydration should be performed first. The infusion speed: mainly depends on the degree of dehydration and continued loss of volume and speed, with obvious peripheral circulatory disorders in severe dehydration should be rapid expansion; 20ml / kg isotonic solution containing sodium, 30 - 60 minutes fast input. The cumulative loss amount (net expansion liquid) in 8 ~ 12 hours of completion, about 8 per hour to 10ml / kg; after dehydration, physiological and abnormal loss when the rate should slow down, from L2 to 16 hours to fill, about 5ml per hour / kg; if to ease, as appropriate reduce the amount of fluid or changed to oral rehydration; Dehydration of children with intravenous fluids is the focus of the ex