动词时态及练习.docVIP

动词的时态和语态 【知识要点】 I.动词时态和语态的构成形式 do 的时态、语态形式变化对照表 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do ( does ) am(is, are )+ done 一般过去时 did was(were )+ done 一般将来时 will(shall) do will be + done 现在进行时 am(is are )doing am(is,are)being+done 过去进行时 was(were) doing was(were)being+done 现在完成时 have(has) done have(has)been+done 过去完成时 had done had been+done 过去将来时 would do would be + done 现在完成进行时 have(has)been doing 没有被动形式 过去完成进行时 Had been doing 没有被动形式 II.动词时态的用法 ①一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等②主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来I’ll go there after I finish my work. If it rains tomorrow ,I won’t go there. ③在以here ,there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which_____ the Pacific, and we met no storm. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called 虽然航海发生在过去，但是，海洋的名称不会因此而变化，所以要用一般现在时 2.现在进行时 ①表示正在进行的动作②表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我③代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起④与always, forever, constantly, continually连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进 行； He is always helping others.他总是肯帮助他人。 She is always forgetting something.她老是忘记某些事情。 ⑤大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear ▲情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear ▲心态类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, think, understand, agree, knowt ▲所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to等。表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作I have finished the report./ She has cleaned the room. ②表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”, “since...”表述的一段时间状语连用He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college. ③表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”—Where is Li Hua? －He has gone to the reading-room. —Sh